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Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), the first twelve-step fellowship, was founded in 1935 by Bill Wilson and Dr. Robert Holbrook Smith, known to AA members as "Bill W." and "Dr. Bob", in Akron, Ohio. In 1946 they formally established the twelve traditions to help deal with the issues of how various groups could relate and function as membership grew.
This is a list of Wikipedia articles about specific twelve-step recovery programs and fellowships.These programs, and the groups of people who follow them, are based on the set of guiding principles for recovery from addictive, compulsive, or other behavioral problems originally developed by Alcoholics Anonymous. [1]
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a global, ... Some have criticized 12-step programs as "a cult that relies on God as the mechanism of action" [153] ...
Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions is a 1953 book, which explains the 24 basic principles of Alcoholics Anonymous and their application. [1] The book dedicates a chapter to each step and each tradition, providing a detailed interpretation of these principles for personal recovery and the organization of the group. [2]
Marijuana Anonymous has made similar changes to adapt the traditions to marijuana use, and has gone a step further by eliminating male pronouns in reference to God. This parallels the wording of MA's Twelve Steps. The MA Steps and Traditions are listed and expanded upon in MA's text, Life With Hope. [7]
1957 Alcoholics Anonymous Comes of Age was published. [86] 1962 The Twelve Concepts for World Service were adopted by AA as a guideline for international issues. [87] 1962 The movie Days of Wine and Roses depicted an alcoholic in AA. [88] 1971 Bill Wilson dies. His last words to AA members were "God bless you and Alcoholics Anonymous forever." [81]