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Animals that are normally yellow will appear white if affected with axanthism. While axanthism commonly makes green animals blue, it can also make the animal gray or even black, making it appear as if the animal has melanism ; though they can be distinguished by how axanthic animals are slightly lighter and how melanistic animals produce more ...
The appearance of an amelanistic animal depends on the remaining non-melanin pigments. The opposite of amelanism is melanism, a higher percentage of melanin. [citation needed] A similar condition, albinism, is a hereditary condition characterised in animals by the absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, hair, scales, feathers or cuticle. [1]
Animal colouration is the general appearance of an animal resulting from the reflection or emission of light from its surfaces. Some animals are brightly coloured, while others are hard to see. In some species, such as the peafowl, the male has strong patterns, conspicuous colours and is iridescent, while the female is far less visible.
Aposematism is the advertising by an animal, whether terrestrial or marine, to potential predators that it is not worth attacking or eating. [1] This unprofitability may consist of any defenses which make the prey difficult to kill and eat, such as toxicity, venom , foul taste or smell, sharp spines, or aggressive nature.
The pigment-producing cells that contribute to the yellow spots of some sub-species are called xanthophores. [30] It appears that the fully-black phenotypes do not ever develop these xanthophores. [31] Alpine salamanders produce a toxin from their skin, and both fully melanistic, black salamanders and spotted individuals produce the compound. [32]
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Leucism (/ ˈ l uː s ɪ z əm,-k ɪ z-/) [2] [3] [4] is a wide variety of conditions that result in partial loss of pigmentation in an animal—causing white, pale, or patchy coloration of the skin, hair, feathers, scales, or cuticles, but not the eyes. [4] It is occasionally spelled leukism.
[5]: 42 Some horse colorations have nonblack points (cream, red or brown), such as the red dun which has red to brown points. [ 5 ] : 43 In a color with points (black or nonblack) the legs are dark and the color goes all the way down to the hoof, whereas in a horse color without points the color just above the hoof is lighter than its body color.