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Figure 1: The chemical structure of dichloroisoprenaline or dichloroisoproterenol (), abbreviated DCI — the first β-blocker to be developed. β adrenergic receptor antagonists (also called beta-blockers or β-blockers) were initially developed in the 1960s, for the treatment of angina pectoris but are now also used for hypertension, congestive heart failure and certain arrhythmias. [1]
Beta blockers, also spelled β-blockers, are a class of medications that are predominantly used to manage abnormal heart rhythms , and to protect the heart from a second heart attack after a first heart attack (secondary prevention). [1]
Dichloroisoprenaline (DCI), also known as dichloroisoproterenol, was the first beta blocker ever to be developed. It is non-selective for the β 1-adrenergic and β 2-adrenergic receptors. DCI has low potency and acts as a partial agonist/antagonist at these receptors. [1]
The first beta blocker, propranolol, was introduced in the early 1960s by the winner of The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988- Sir James W. Black. [23] The drug was originally developed in order to induce a calm effect on the heart by blocking the beta receptor for adrenaline, treating a range of cardiovascular disorders .
It was the first beta-blocker effectively used in the treatment of coronary artery disease and hypertension. [74] Newer, more cardio-selective beta blockers (such as bisoprolol, nebivolol, carvedilol, or metoprolol) are used preferentially in the treatment of hypertension. [74]
It’s official, a new generation has already begun to be born. Officially named “Generation Beta,” the babies born starting in 2025 will mark the beginning of a new cohort, predicted to grow ...
Pindolol is a first generation, [29] non-selective beta blocker in the class of β-adrenergic receptor antagonists. On the receptor level it is a competitive partial agonist. It possesses intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, meaning it has some degree of agonist effects in the absence of competing ligands.
Gen Z was born between 1997 and 2012 and is considered the first generation to have largely grown up using the internet, modern technology and social media. ... most likely dubbed Gen Beta, will ...