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Expressive aphasia (also known as Broca's aphasia) is a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language (spoken, manual, [1] or written), although comprehension generally remains intact. [2] A person with expressive aphasia will exhibit effortful speech.
Aphasia. This is a disorder that impacts the way a person comprehends, speaks, and writes language. Aphasia usually is a result of traumatic head injury or stroke, but can have other causes such as tumors or progressive diseases. [18] There are several types of aphasia, with the two most popular being Broca’s Aphasia and Wernicke’s Aphasia.
Broca's fissure is a medical and scientific term for a sulcus occurring in the area of the brain known as Broca's area. [1] Broca's area contains the motor speech area and controls movements of tongue, lips and vocal cords. Broca's fissure produces the typical effects of a lesion in Broca's area (i.e., expressive aphasia).
The discovery of what is now known as Broca's area was followed years later by Carl Wernicke's famous work, 'The Symptom-Complex of Aphasia: A Psychological Study on an Anatomical Basis' in 1874. This paper is regarded as one of the most influential works in the history of the field of aphasiology.
The symptoms of Wernicke's aphasia are caused by damage to the posterior section of the superior temporal gyrus. [6] [7] Damage to the Broca's area typically produces symptoms like omitting functional words (agrammatism), sound production changes, dyslexia, dysgraphia, and problems with comprehension and production. Broca's aphasia is ...
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Most language processing takes place in Broca's area usually in the left hemisphere. [9] Damage to this region often results in a type of non-fluent aphasia known as Broca's aphasia. Broca's area is made up of the pars opercularis and the pars triangularis, both of which contribute to verbal fluency, but each has its own specific contribution.
The model proposes that Broca's area holds a representation for articulating words. Instructions for speech are sent from Broca's area to the facial area of the motor cortex , and from there instructions are sent to facial motor neurons in the brainstem , which relay movement orders to facial muscles .