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Sketch of a Māori chief, 1773 engraving by T. Chambers based on a 1769 drawing by Sydney Parkinson, from the 1784 edition of A Journal of a Voyage to the South Seas "Portrait of a young Maori woman with moko", by Louis John Steele (1891) Portrait of Tāmati Wāka Nene by Gottfried Lindauer (1890)
Europeans began producing art in New Zealand as soon as they arrived, with many exploration ships including an artist to record newly discovered places, people, flora and fauna. The first European work of art made in New Zealand was a drawing by Isaac Gilsemans, the artist on Abel Tasman's expedition of 1642. [16] [17]
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Māori were familiar with the concept of maps and when interacting with missionaries in 1815 could draw accurate maps of their rohe (iwi boundaries), onto paper, that were the equal of European maps. Missionaries surmised that Māori had traditionally drawn maps on sand or other natural materials.
A Māori man painting a tattoo on a carved wooden tiki at Whakarewarewa model village, New Zealand, c. 1905 Hawaiian kiʻi at Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park Tiki statuette from the Marquesas
Māori cultural history intertwines inextricably with the culture of Polynesia as a whole. The New Zealand archipelago forms the southwestern corner of the Polynesian Triangle, a major part of the Pacific Ocean with three island groups at its corners: the Hawaiian Islands, Rapa Nui (Easter Island), and New Zealand (Aotearoa in te reo Māori). [10]
Uenuku (or Uenuku-Kōpako, also given to some who are named after him [1]) is an atua of rainbows and a prominent ancestor in Māori tradition.Māori believed that the rainbow's appearance represented an omen, and one kind of yearly offering made to him was that of the young leaves of the first planted kūmara crop. [2]
English ornithologist John Latham wrote about the kererū in his A General Synopsis of Birds in 1783 but did not give it a scientific name. [2] German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin gave it its first formal description in 1789, placing it in genus Columba as C. novaeseelandiae, [3] with Latham naming it Columba zealandica in his 1790 Index Ornithologicus. [4]