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A Roundhead as depicted by John Pettie (1870). Roundheads were the supporters of the Parliament of England during the English Civil War (1642–1651). Also known as Parliamentarians, they fought against King Charles I of England and his supporters, known as the Cavaliers or Royalists, who claimed rule by absolute monarchy and the principle of the divine right of kings. [1]
His father, Alexander Pym (1547–1585), was a member of the minor gentry, from Brymore, Somerset. He was a successful lawyer in London, where John was born in 1584. Alexander died seven months later and his mother, Philippa Colles (died 1620), married a wealthy Cornish landowner, Sir Antho
Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, KB, PC (/ ˈ d ɛ v ə ˌ r uː /; 11 January 1591 – 14 September 1646) was an English Parliamentarian and soldier during the first half of the 17th century.
18 January–March – the Protestation of 1641, an oath of allegiance to the King and Church of England, is circulated around the country for signature by all adult males, the Protestation Returns of 1641–1642. 13 February – Charles assents to the Bishops Exclusion Act thereby removing all bishops from the House of Lords. [1]
This is a list of ordinances and acts of the Parliament of England from 1642 to 1660, during the English Civil War and the Interregnum. As King Charles I of England would not assent to bills from a Parliament at war with him, decrees of Parliament before the Third English Civil War were styled ' ordinances '. [ 1 ]
The war period (1642–1651) saw a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists, with most of the fighting in England. The first (1642–1646) and second (1648–1649) wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament , while the third (1649–1651) saw ...
The English Civil War was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Royalists and Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England [b] from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the struggle consisted of the First English Civil War and the Second English Civil War.
Hampden's advice was undoubtedly premature. A Sedan or Worcester was not within the power of the Parliamentarians of 1642. In Napoleon's words: "one only manoeuvres around a fixed point", and the city levies at that time were certainly not, vis-à-vis Rupert's cavalry, a fixed point. [3]