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Schematic diagram of lobster-eye lens. The green arrow represents the incident light and the red arrows represent the normal of the channel wall. [1]Lobster-eye optics are a biomimetic design, based on the structure of the eyes of a lobster with an ultra wide field of view, used in X-ray optics.
X-ray optics is the branch of optics dealing with X-rays, rather than visible light.It deals with focusing and other ways of manipulating the X-ray beams for research techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, and X-ray astronomy.
X-ray beams reaching detectors, which will provide complementary spectroscopy, imaging, timing, and polarimetry data on cosmic X-ray sources. A key feature of the IXO mirror design is a single mirror assembly (Flight Mirror Assembly, FMA), which is optimized to minimize mass while maximizing the collecting area, and an extendible optical bench.
This list of space telescopes (astronomical space observatories) is grouped by major frequency ranges: gamma ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, microwave, and radio. Telescopes that work in multiple frequency bands are included in all of the appropriate sections.
First specialised X-ray satellite, Uhuru, was launched by NASA in 1970. It detected 339 X-ray sources in its 2.5-year lifetime. [4] The Einstein Observatory, launched in 1978, was the first imaging X-ray observatory. It obtained high-resolution X-ray images in the energy range from 0.1 to 4 keV of stars of all types, supernova remnants ...
The beamlines at NSLS-II are grouped into five science programs: hard X-ray scattering & spectroscopy, imaging and microscopy, structural biology, soft X-ray scattering and spectroscopy, and complex scattering. These programs group beamlines together that offer similar types of research techniques for studying the behavior and structure of matter.
X-ray diffraction topography is one variant of X-ray imaging, making use of diffraction contrast rather than absorption contrast which is usually used in radiography and computed tomography (CT). Topography is exploited to a lesser extent with neutrons , and is the same concept as dark field imaging in an electron microscope .
It is designated α Ursae Minoris (Latinized to Alpha Ursae Minoris) and is commonly called the North Star or Pole Star. With an apparent magnitude that fluctuates around 1.98, [ 3 ] it is the brightest star in the constellation and is readily visible to the naked eye at night. [ 16 ]