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Educational assessment or educational evaluation [1] is the systematic process of documenting and using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning. [2]
Formative vs summative assessments. Formative assessment, formative evaluation, formative feedback, or assessment for learning, [1] including diagnostic testing, is a range of formal and informal assessment procedures conducted by teachers during the learning process in order to modify teaching and learning activities to improve student attainment.
Assessment of a skill should comply with the four principles of validity, reliability, fairness and flexibility. Formative assessment provides feedback for remedial work and coaching, while summative assessment checks whether the competence has been achieved at the end of training.
The purpose of standards-based assessment [5] is to connect evidence of learning to learning outcomes (the standards). When standards are explicit and clear, the learner becomes aware of their achievement with reference to the standards, and the teacher may use assessment data to give meaningful feedback to students about this progress.
Constructive alignment is the underpinning concept behind the current requirements for programme specification, declarations of learning outcomes (LOs) and assessment criteria, and the use of criterion based assessment. There are two basic concepts behind constructive alignment: Learners construct meaning from what they do to learn.
In common usage, evaluation is a systematic determination and assessment of a subject's merit, worth and significance, using criteria governed by a set of standards.It can assist an organization, program, design, project or any other intervention or initiative to assess any aim, realizable concept/proposal, or any alternative, to help in decision-making; or to generate the degree of ...
Authentic assessment is the measurement of "intellectual accomplishments that are worthwhile, significant, and meaningful" [1] [2] Authentic assessment can be devised by the teacher, or in collaboration with the student by engaging student voice.
Developing a national learning assessment or participating in cross-national initiatives are multiple and driven by interconnected factors. [1]Four main factors that enhance the use of LSLAs are: the growing number of perceived benefits, an evolving global culture of evaluation, a shift in the focus of global education policy, and priorities and demands of development donors.