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The latter occurs faster, and is the major product. The experimental relative chlorination rates at primary, secondary, and tertiary positions match the corresponding radical species' stability: tertiary (5) > secondary (3.8) > primary (1). Thus any single chlorination step slightly favors substitution at the carbon already most substituted.
The major products were ethyl chloride, tetrachlorocarbon and dichloromethane. [7] Because of concerns about health and environmentally relevant problems such as the ozone depletion behavior of light volatile chlorine compounds, the chemical industry developed alternative procedures that did not require chlorinated compounds. As a result of the ...
In the presence of a Cinchona alkaloid, bromination of an alkene can leads to optically active dibromides. [2] For 4-methylcyclohexene, the ( S )-configuration leads to two different products: the bromines can add at the axial positions, giving the orientation (1 S ,3 R ,4 R ), or at the equatorial positions, giving the orientation (1 S ,3 S ,4 ...
[1] The general chemical formula of the halogen addition reaction is: C=C + X 2 → X−C−C−X (X represents the halogens bromine or chlorine, and in this case, a solvent could be CH 2 Cl 2 or CCl 4). The product is a vicinal dihalide. This type of reaction is a halogenation and an electrophilic addition.
In organic chemistry, an electrophilic aromatic halogenation is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution.This organic reaction is typical of aromatic compounds and a very useful method for adding substituents to an aromatic system.
1,2-Dibromotetrachloroethane (DBTCE) is an organohalide with the chemical formula C 2 Br 2 Cl 4. It is a crystalline solid that emits lachrymatory ( tear -producing) vapours. [ 2 ] Dibromotetrachloroethane can be used as a fungicide , [ 2 ] flame retardant [ 3 ] and a source for bromine in the laboratory. [ 4 ]
Toluene (/ ˈ t ɒ l. j u iː n /), also known as toluol (/ ˈ t ɒ l. j u. ɒ l , - ɔː l , - oʊ l / ), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon [ 15 ] with the chemical formula C 6 H 5 CH 3 , often abbreviated as PhCH 3 , where Ph stands for the phenyl group.
These compounds usually form the -1, +1, +3 and +5 oxidation states. Bromine is intermediate in reactivity between chlorine and iodine, and is one of the most reactive elements. Bond energies to bromine tend to be lower than those to chlorine but higher than those to iodine, and bromine is a weaker oxidising agent than chlorine but a stronger ...