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Enamel hypoplasia is a risk factor for dental caries in children including early childhood caries (ECC), which continues to be a burden for many children. This association has been identified as significant and independent, and is believed that the formation of pits and missing enamel provides a suitable local environment for adhesion and ...
Plane-form enamel hypoplasia is a dental condition that is distinguished by defects in the teeth enamel, that can occur due to genetic or environmental factors. It is common for the disease to occur during the developmental stages of the teeth, and childhood illnesses, such as respiratory infections, are often linked to disturbance of the enamel formation [5] [6].
One of the most common types, pitting enamel hypoplasia (PEH), ranges from small circular pinpricks to larger irregular depressions. [2] Pits also vary in how they occur on a tooth surface, some forming rows and others more randomly scattered. [3] PEH can be associated with other types of hypoplasia, but it is often the only defect observed. [4]
Enamel hypoplasia and enamel hypocalcification are examples of defective enamel that potentially gives a discolored appearance to the tooth. Teeth affected in this way are also usually more susceptible to further staining acquired throughout life. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a rare condition that affects the formation of enamel (amelogenesis ...
] It is the most common type of enamel hypoplasia reported in clinical and archaeological samples, with other types including plane-form enamel hypoplasia and pitting enamel hypoplasia. [12] Linear enamel hypoplasia can be caused by a variety of factors, from genetic conditions to malnutrition and illnesses during childhood.
Due to improper tooth development, TDO patients have high rates of dental caries causing dental abscess. The under maturation of the enamel causes the tooth structure to be softer, and more susceptible to the effects of bruxism due to abnormalities in skeletal development. The oral abnormalities are evaluated by radiographs and visual examination.
Dental radiographs, commonly known as X-rays, are radiographs used to diagnose hidden dental structures, malignant or benign masses, bone loss, and cavities. A radiographic image is formed by a controlled burst of X-ray radiation which penetrates oral structures at different levels, depending on varying anatomical densities, before striking the ...
Dental fluorosis is a common [2] disorder, characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. [ 3 ] [ needs update ] It appears as a range of visual changes in enamel [ 4 ] causing degrees of intrinsic tooth discoloration , and, in some cases, physical damage to the teeth.