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  2. Gain (electronics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gain_(electronics)

    In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input to the output port [1][2][3][4] by adding energy converted from some power supply to the signal. It is usually defined as the mean ratio of the signal amplitude or power at the output port to ...

  3. Gain (antenna) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gain_(antenna)

    In electromagnetics, an antenna's gain is a key performance parameter which combines the antenna 's directivity and radiation efficiency. The term power gain has been deprecated by IEEE. [1] In a transmitting antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna converts input power into radio waves headed in a specified direction. In a receiving ...

  4. Automatic gain control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_gain_control

    Automatic gain control (AGC) is a closed-loop feedback regulating circuit in an amplifier or chain of amplifiers, the purpose of which is to maintain a suitable signal amplitude at its output, despite variation of the signal amplitude at the input. The average or peak output signal level is used to dynamically adjust the gain of the amplifiers ...

  5. Noise temperature (antenna) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_temperature_(antenna)

    Noise temperature (antenna) In radio frequency (RF) applications such as radio, radar and telecommunications, noise temperature of an antenna is a measure of the noise power density contributed by the antenna to the overall RF receiver system. It is defined as "the temperature of a resistor having an available thermal noise power per unit ...

  6. Low-noise amplifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-noise_amplifier

    Low-noise amplifier. A low-noise amplifier (LNA) is an electronic component that amplifies a very low-power signal without significantly degrading its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Any electronic amplifier will increase the power of both the signal and the noise present at its input, but the amplifier will also introduce some additional noise.

  7. Antenna measurement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_measurement

    Antenna measurement techniques refers to the testing of antennas to ensure that the antenna meets specifications or simply to characterize it. Typical parameters of antennas are gain, bandwidth, radiation pattern, beamwidth, polarization, and impedance. The antenna pattern is the response of the antenna to a plane wave incident from a given ...