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This is due both to Tolkien's changing conception of Balrogs, and to the imprecise but suggestive and possibly figurative description of the Balrog that confronted Gandalf. [T 14] The Balrog of Moria used a flaming sword ("From out of the shadow a red sword leapt flaming") and a many-thonged whip that "whined and cracked" in its battle with ...
The name "Moria" means "the Black Chasm" or "the Black Pit", from Sindarin mor, "dark, black" and iâ, "void, abyss". [T 1] The element mor had the sense "sinister, evil", especially by association with infamous names such as Morgoth and Mordor; indeed Moria itself had an evil reputation by the times in which The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings are set.
List of original characters in The Hobbit film series – original characters in Peter Jackson's The Hobbit film trilogy; Middle-earth peoples – descriptions of races and groups in the legendarium; Women in The Lord of the Rings – analysis of female characters in The Lord of the Rings
Gandalf, in this setting, is thus a representation in English (anglicised from Old Norse) of the name the Dwarves of Erebor had given to Olórin in the language they used "externally" in their daily affairs, while Tharkûn is the (untranslated) name, presumably of the same meaning, that the Dwarves gave him in their native Khuzdul language.
The Tolkien scholar Tom Shippey states that Tolkien's spelling "warg" is a cross of Old Norse vargr and Old English wearh. He notes that the words embody a shift in meaning from "wolf" to "outlaw": vargr carries both meanings, while wearh means "outcast" or "outlaw", but has lost the sense of "wolf". [28]
"The Death of Beorhtnoth" — an introductory essay concerning the battle and the Old English fragment that inspired Tolkien. The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm's Son — the alliterative poem. "Ofermod" — an essay following on from the main work, discussing the meaning of the Old English word ofermod "overconfidence, foolhardiness".
The fictional races and peoples that appear in J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy world of Middle-earth include the seven listed in Appendix F of The Lord of the Rings: Elves, Men, Dwarves, Hobbits, Ents, Orcs and Trolls, as well as spirits such as the Valar and Maiar.
The British author J. R. R. Tolkien (1892–1973) and the names of fictional characters and places he invented for his legendarium have had a substantial impact on culture, and have become the namesakes of various things around and outside the world, including street names, mountains, companies, species of animals and plants, asteroids, and other notable objects.