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Gentamicin is composed of a number of related gentamicin components and fractions which have varying degrees of antimicrobial potency. [38] The main components of gentamicin include members of the gentamicin C complex: gentamicin C 1 , gentamicin C 1a , and gentamicin C 2 which compose approximately 80% of gentamicin and have been found to have ...
Repeated administration of a medication is also different from single dosing, as many drugs have active metabolites that can build up in the body. [6] Patient variables such as sex, age, and organ function may also influence the effect of the drug on the system. These variables are rarely included in equianalgesic charts. [7] [3] [8]
The therapeutic index (TI; also referred to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug with regard to risk of overdose.It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes toxicity to the amount that causes the therapeutic effect. [1]
The median effective dose is the dose that produces a quantal effect (all or nothing) in 50% of the population that takes it (median referring to the 50% population base). [6] It is also sometimes abbreviated as the ED 50, meaning "effective dose for 50% of the population". The ED50 is commonly used as a measure of the reasonable expectancy of ...
Clark's rule is a medical term referring to a mathematical formula used to calculate the proper dosage of medicine for children aged 2–17 based on the weight of the patient and the appropriate adult dose. [1] The formula was named after Cecil Belfield Clarke (1894–1970), a Barbadian physician who practiced throughout the UK, the West Indies ...
In enzymology, a gentamicin 3'-N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.60) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. acetyl-CoA + gentamicin C CoA + N 3 '-acetylgentamicin C. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and gentamicin C, whereas its two products are CoA and N3'-acetylgentamicin C.
Population pharmacokinetics seeks to identify the measurable pathophysiologic factors and explain sources of variability that cause changes in the dose-concentration relationship and the extent of these changes so that, if such changes are associated with clinically relevant and significant shifts in exposures that impact the therapeutic index ...
In single-dose scenarios, the patient's body weight and the drug's recommended dose per kilogram are used to determine a safe one-time dose. If multiple doses of treatment are needed in a day, the physician must take into account information regarding the total amount of the drug which is safe to use in one day, and how that should be broken up ...