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In Lithocarpus, the cupule is very hard and bone-like in texture. The calybium is the fruit proper. It develops from an inferior ovary, meaning it is initially encased in the future cupule. Technically the calybium is a nut, as its ovary wall becomes dry with the embryo loosely enclosed inside, and remains closed until germination.
Female flowers are 3 mm (0.12 in) long and are located at the base of some catkins. The fruit is a golden-colored cupule 2–3 cm (3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) in diameter with many sharp spines, maturing in autumn. Each cupule contains one ovoid shiny dark brown nut that is edible. [5]
The hemispherical indentation itself is an important element of paleoart, known as a "cupule". Cup and ring marks are also common in the Fertile Crescent and India, and later in the Mediterranean, Atlantic, and Alpine regions of Europe, sometimes associated with complex petroglyphs or megalithic monuments. [1] [clarification needed]
The acorn is the nut of the oaks and their close relatives (genera Quercus, Notholithocarpus and Lithocarpus, in the family Fagaceae). It usually contains a seedling surrounded by two cotyledons (seedling leaves), enclosed in a tough shell known as the pericarp, and borne in a cup-shaped cupule.
Some cultivars only produce one large seed per cupule, while others produce up to three seeds. [5] The nut itself is composed of two skins: an external, shiny brown part, and an internal skin adhering to the fruit. Inside, there is an edible, creamy-white part developed from the cotyledons. [5] Sweet chestnut trees live to an age of 500 to 600 ...
The fruit is a densely spiny cupule 4–8 cm (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 – 3 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) diameter, containing two or three glossy brown nuts; these are 2–3 cm (3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) diameter on wild trees. The scientific name mollissima derives from the softly downy shoots and young leaves. [2] [3]
Female inflorescences are held in a cupule, with one to two (rarely more) flowers in each. Cupules are 3 to 5 cm wide, and covered with sparsely pilose spiny bracts which are 6 to 10 mm long. Each cupule produces two or three nuts, rarely more, with each nut being 1.5 to 2.0 cm in diameter. [3]
The fruit is a densely spiny cupule containing 1–3 sweet, edible nuts, [1] eaten by the indigenous peoples. The fruit also provides food for chipmunks and squirrels. The fruit also provides food for chipmunks and squirrels.