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The risk–return spectrum (also called the risk–return tradeoff or risk–reward) is the relationship between the amount of return gained on an investment and the amount of risk undertaken in that investment. The more return sought, the more risk that must be undertaken.
Capital allocation line (CAL) is a graph created by investors to measure the risk of risky and risk-free assets. The graph displays the return to be made by taking on a certain level of risk. Its slope is known as the "reward-to-variability ratio".
If a risk-free asset is also available, the opportunity set is larger, and its upper boundary, the efficient frontier, is a straight line segment emanating from the vertical axis at the value of the risk-free asset's return and tangent to the risky-assets-only opportunity set.
Risk is the lack of certainty about the outcome of making a particular choice. Statistically, the level of downside risk can be calculated as the product of the probability that harm occurs (e.g., that an accident happens) multiplied by the severity of that harm (i.e., the average amount of harm or more conservatively the maximum credible amount of harm).
That perspective helps explain a second chart from Goldman that shows the Magnificent Seven have gained 71% while the other 493 stocks have added just 6%. ... the risk/reward profile of this trade ...
The risk-free return is constant. Then the Sharpe ratio using the old definition is = = Example 2. An investor has a portfolio with an expected return of 12% and a standard deviation of 10%. The rate of interest is 5%, and is risk-free.
Therefore, the slope measures the reward per unit of market risk. The characteristic features of CML are: 1. At the tangent point, i.e. Portfolio P, is the optimum combination of risky investments and the market portfolio. 2. Only efficient portfolios that consist of risk free investments and the market portfolio P lie on the CML. 3.
Asset allocation is the implementation of an investment strategy that attempts to balance risk versus reward by adjusting the percentage of each asset in an investment portfolio according to the investor's risk tolerance, goals and investment time frame. [1] The focus is on the characteristics of the overall portfolio.