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  2. Polymerase chain reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction

    A strip of eight PCR tubes, each containing a 100 μL reaction mixture Placing a strip of eight PCR tubes into a thermal cycler. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used to make millions to billions of copies of a specific DNA sample rapidly, allowing scientists to amplify a very small sample of DNA (or a part of it) sufficiently to enable detailed study.

  3. Overlap extension polymerase chain reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overlap_extension...

    This is the main advantage of OE-PCR and other long-homology based cloning methods such as Gibson assembly, which overcome the limitations of traditional restriction enzyme digestion and ligation cloning methods. [3] Assembly of custom DNA sequences with OE-PCR consists on three main steps.

  4. DNA profiling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_profiling

    PCR is now a common and important technique used in medical and biological research labs for a variety of applications. [19] PCR, or Polymerase Chain Reaction, is a widely used molecular biology technique to amplify a specific DNA sequence. Steps of polymerase chain reaction. Amplification is achieved by a series of three steps:

  5. DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication

    DNA is read by DNA polymerase in the 3′ to 5′ direction, meaning the new strand is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction. Since the leading and lagging strand templates are oriented in opposite directions at the replication fork, a major issue is how to achieve synthesis of new lagging strand DNA, whose direction of synthesis is opposite to ...

  6. Vectorette PCR - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vectorette_PCR

    Steps in PCR. Vectorette PCR is a variation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) designed in 1988. [1] The original PCR was created and also patented during the 1980s. [2] Vectorette PCR was first noted and described in an article in 1990 by John H. Riley and his team. [3] Since then, multiple variants of PCR have been created.

  7. Helicase-dependent amplification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicase-dependent...

    The polymerase chain reaction is the most widely used method for in vitro DNA amplification for purposes of molecular biology and biomedical research. [1] This process involves the separation of the double-stranded DNA in high heat into single strands (the denaturation step, typically achieved at 95–97 °C), annealing of the primers to the single stranded DNA (the annealing step) and copying ...

  8. Polymerase chain reaction optimization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction...

    The earliest steps of a touchdown polymerase chain reaction cycle have high annealing temperatures. The annealing temperature is decreased in increments for every subsequent set of cycles (the number of individual cycles and increments of temperature decrease is chosen by the experimenter).

  9. Principal component regression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_component_regression

    The PCR method may be broadly divided into three major steps: 1. Perform PCA on the observed data matrix for the explanatory variables to obtain the principal components, and then (usually) select a subset, based on some appropriate criteria, of the principal components so obtained for further use.