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Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646–1716), German philosopher, mathematician, and namesake of this widely used mathematical notation in calculus.. In calculus, Leibniz's notation, named in honor of the 17th-century German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, uses the symbols dx and dy to represent infinitely small (or infinitesimal) increments of x and y, respectively ...
Calculus is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations. Originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the calculus of infinitesimals ", it has two major branches, differential calculus and integral calculus.
Calculus. The fundamental theorem of calculus is a theorem that links the concept of differentiating a function (calculating its slopes, or rate of change at each point in time) with the concept of integrating a function (calculating the area under its graph, or the cumulative effect of small contributions). Roughly speaking, the two operations ...
Calculus. The calculus of variations (or variational calculus) is a field of mathematical analysis that uses variations, which are small changes in functions and functionals, to find maxima and minima of functionals: mappings from a set of functions to the real numbers. [a] Functionals are often expressed as definite integrals involving ...
Longtime Rep. Joe Wilson, R-S.C., was taken at the hospital Tuesday night for treatment after he collapsed at an event in Washington, according to a congressional aide with knowledge of the situation.
History of calculus. Calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus, is a mathematical discipline focused on limits, continuity, derivatives, integrals, and infinite series. Many elements of calculus appeared in ancient Greece, then in China and the Middle East, and still later again in medieval Europe and in India.
Trigonometric substitution. Partial fractions in integration. Quadratic integral. Proof that 22/7 exceeds π. Trapezium rule. Integral of the secant function. Integral of secant cubed. Arclength. Solid of revolution.
In calculus, the squeeze theorem (also known as the sandwich theorem, among other names [a]) is a theorem regarding the limit of a function that is bounded between two other functions. The squeeze theorem is used in calculus and mathematical analysis, typically to confirm the limit of a function via comparison with two other functions whose ...