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The genome organisation of HBV; the genes overlap. ORF S, in green, encodes HBsAg. HBsAg under a transmission electron microscope: the protein self assembles into virus-like particles. HBsAg (also known as the Australia antigen) is the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its presence in blood indicates existing hepatitis B infection.
820,000 resulting from hepatitis B (2019) [1] Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver; [1][6] it is a type of viral hepatitis. [7] It can cause both acute and chronic infection. [1] Many people have no symptoms during an initial infection. For others, symptoms may appear 30 to 180 days ...
Blumberg had identified Australia antigen, the important first step, and later discovered the way to make the first hepatitis B vaccine. Blumberg's vaccine was a unique approach to the production of a vaccine; that is, obtaining the immunizing antigen directly from the blood of human carriers of the virus.
Hepatitis B virus is classified in the genus Orthohepadnavirus, which contains 11 other species. [3] The genus is classified as part of the Hepadnaviridae family, which contains four other genera, Avihepadnavirus, Herpetohepadnavirus, Metahepadnavirus and Parahepadnavirus. [3] This family of viruses is the only member of the viral order ...
National Immunisation Program. The National Immunisation Program (NIP) and National Immunisation Program Schedule (NIP Schedule) is the national vaccination schedule for all children and adults in Australia. The program is a joint federal, state and territory government initiative that funds all vaccinations on the schedule for all people ...
Hepatitis A and B vaccine. Combined hepatitis A and B vaccine, is used to provide protection against hepatitis A and hepatitis B. [3][7] It is given by injection into muscle. [8] It is used in areas where hepatitis A and B are endemic, for travelers, people with hepatitis C or chronic liver disease, and those at high risk of sexually ...
Hepadnaviridae[a] is a family of viruses. [2] Humans, apes, and birds serve as natural hosts. There are currently 18 species in this family, divided among 5 genera. [3] Its best-known member is hepatitis B virus. Diseases associated with this family include: liver infections, such as hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas (chronic infections ...
In 1970, David Dane first isolated the hepatitis B virion at London's Middlesex Hospital, and named the virion the 42-nm "Dane particle". [147] Based on its association with the surface of the hepatitis B virus, the Australia antigen was renamed to "hepatitis B surface antigen" or HBsAg.
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