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  2. Transactional net margin method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transactional_net_margin...

    The transactional net margin method (TNMM) in transfer pricing compares the net profit margin of a taxpayer arising from a non-arm's length transaction with the net profit margins realized by arm's length parties from similar transactions; and examines the net profit margin relative to an appropriate base such as costs, sales or assets. [1] [2]

  3. Valuation using multiples - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valuation_using_multiples

    A valuation multiple [1] is simply an expression of market value of an asset relative to a key statistic that is assumed to relate to that value. To be useful, that statistic – whether earnings, cash flow or some other measure – must bear a logical relationship to the market value observed; to be seen, in fact, as the driver of that market value.

  4. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earnings_before_interest...

    A company's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (commonly abbreviated EBITDA, [1] pronounced / ˈ iː b ɪ t d ɑː,-b ə-, ˈ ɛ-/ [2]) is a measure of a company's profitability of the operating business only, thus before any effects of indebtedness, state-mandated payments, and costs required to maintain its asset ...

  5. Stock valuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_valuation

    Stock valuation is the method of calculating theoretical values of companies and their stocks.The main use of these methods is to predict future market prices, or more generally, potential market prices, and thus to profit from price movement – stocks that are judged undervalued (with respect to their theoretical value) are bought, while stocks that are judged overvalued are sold, in the ...

  6. Earnings before interest and taxes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earnings_before_interest...

    A professional investor contemplating a change to the capital structure of a firm (e.g., through a leveraged buyout) first evaluates a firm's fundamental earnings potential (reflected by earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and EBIT), and then determines the optimal use of debt versus equity (equity value).

  7. Net operating profit after taxes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_operating_profit_after...

    In corporate finance, net operating profit after tax (NOPAT) is a company's after-tax operating profit for all investors, including shareholders and debt holders. [1] NOPAT is used by analysts and investors as a precise and accurate measurement of profitability to compare a company's financial results across its history and against competitors.

  8. Return on equity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Return_on_equity

    The return on equity (ROE) is a measure of the profitability of a business in relation to its equity; [1] where: . ROE = ⁠ Net Income / Average Shareholders' Equity ⁠ [1] Thus, ROE is equal to a fiscal year's net income (after preferred stock dividends, before common stock dividends), divided by total equity (excluding preferred shares), expressed as a percentage.

  9. Profit margin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profit_margin

    A low profit margin indicates a low margin of safety: higher risk that a decline in sales will erase profits and result in a net loss, or a negative margin. Profit margin is an indicator of a company's pricing strategies and how well it controls costs. Differences in competitive strategy and product mix cause the profit margin to vary among ...