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A graph that shows the number of balls in and out of the vase for the first ten iterations of the problem. The Ross–Littlewood paradox (also known as the balls and vase problem or the ping pong ball problem) is a hypothetical problem in abstract mathematics and logic designed to illustrate the paradoxical, or at least non-intuitive, nature of infinity.
The name "ping-pong" then came to describe the game played using the rather expensive Jaques's equipment, with other manufacturers calling it table tennis. A similar situation arose in the United States, where Jaques sold the rights to the "ping-pong" name to Parker Brothers .
This glossary defines terms related to the sport of table tennis.. Alternation of ends After each game, players switch sides of the table. In the last possible game of a match, for example the seventh game in a best of seven matches, players change ends when the first player scores five points, regardless of whose turn it is to serve.
The phrase "Table Tennis" was created because the name "Ping Pong" had already been trademarked by Parker Brothers. [7] Though the legal name of the USATT remains the "United States Table Tennis Association, Inc.", the non-profit corporation adopted "USA Table Tennis" as their d/b/a name effective 1994. [8]
In the American game, roqueting a ball out of bounds or running a hoop so that the ball goes out of bounds causes the turn to end, and balls that go out of bounds are replaced only nine inches (23 cm) from the boundary rather than one yard (91 cm) as in association croquet. [7] "Attacking" balls on the boundary line to bring them into play is ...
The ping-pong lemma is also used for studying Schottky-type subgroups of mapping class groups of Riemann surfaces, where the set on which the mapping class group acts is the Thurston boundary of the Teichmüller space. [8] A similar argument is also utilized in the study of subgroups of the outer automorphism group of a free group. [9]
A comprehensive list of all the approved equipment that can be used during official tournaments and matches are given. A few pieces of equipment are Butterfly, Cornilleau, Joola, Paddle Palace, and Zero Pong. The paddles and balls must be inspected at the beginning of a match to prevent any cheating or foul play.
The terms out of bounds or out-of-bounds refers to an active participant or component of a game (e.g., player or ball ) being outside the playing boundaries of the field of a sport. The legality of going out of bounds (intentionally or not), and the ease of prevention, vary by sport.