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At high cooling rates, the material will transform from austenite to martensite which is much harder and will generate cracks at much lower strains. The volume change (martensite is less dense than austenite) [9] can generate stresses as well. The difference in strain rates of the inner and outer portion of the part may cause cracks to develop ...
Austenitic stainless steel is one of the five families of stainless steel (along with ferritic, martensitic, duplex and precipitation hardened). [1] Its primary crystalline structure is austenite ( face-centered cubic ).
The steel is then quenched to a point above the martensite start temperature and held there. This allows the formation of bainite, an austenite decomposition product. While at this temperature, more C is allowed to enrich the retained austenite. This, in turn, lowers the martensite start temperature to below room temperature.
The main differences in composition, when compared with austenitic stainless steel is that duplex steels have a higher chromium content, 20–28%; higher molybdenum, up to 5%; lower nickel, up to 9% and 0.05–0.50% nitrogen. Both the low nickel content and the high strength (enabling thinner sections to be used) give significant cost benefits.
The high nickel and molybdenum contents of the AL-6XN alloy give it good resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking. The molybdenum confers resistance to chloride pitting . The nitrogen content serves to further increase pitting resistance and also gives it higher strength than typical 300 series austenitic stainless steels, and thereby ...
Nickel superalloy jet engine turbine blade A superalloy , or high-performance alloy , is an alloy with the ability to operate at a high fraction of its melting point. [ 1 ] Key characteristics of a superalloy include mechanical strength , thermal creep deformation resistance, surface stability, and corrosion and oxidation resistance.
In industrial chemistry, a stabilizer or stabiliser is a chemical that is used to prevent degradation. [1] Above all, heat and light stabilizers are added to plastic and rubber materials because they ensure safe processing and protect products against aging and weathering.
Cryogenic hardening is a cryogenic treatment process where the material is cooled to approximately −185 °C (−301 °F), typically using liquid nitrogen.It can have a profound effect on the mechanical properties of certain steels, provided their composition and prior heat treatment are such that they retain some austenite at room temperature.