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Croup (/ k r uː p / KROOP), also known as croupy cough, is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus. [2] The infection leads to swelling inside the trachea, which interferes with normal breathing and produces the classic symptoms of "barking/brassy" cough, inspiratory stridor and a hoarse voice. [2]
The custom of placing infant graves under the eaves did not begin with the Anglo-Saxons. Several Roman texts describe the custom of burying infants who had not lived more than forty days under the eaves. Throughout history, differential treatment of infants during burial has been observed in all areas of Western Europe. [4] [5]
Bronchiolitis typically affects infants and children younger than two years, principally during the autumn and winter. [15] It is the leading cause of hospital admission for respiratory disease among infants in the United States and accounts for one out of every 13 primary care visits. [ 8 ]
In children under five years and adults over 40 years, the fatality rate may be as much as 20%. [28] In 2013, it resulted in 3,300 deaths, down from 8,000 deaths in 1990. [ 7 ] Better standards of living, mass immunization, improved diagnosis, prompt treatment, and more effective health care have led to a decrease in cases worldwide.
In radiology, the steeple sign is a radiologic sign found on a frontal neck radiograph where subglottic tracheal narrowing produces the shape of a church steeple within the trachea itself. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The presence of the steeple sign supports a diagnosis of croup , usually caused by paramyxoviruses . [ 3 ]
It has been reported that only 0.5 per 100,000 American children are diagnosed every year, while the incidence in American adults is about 1 to 4 per 100,000. [11] A 2010 retrospective study revealed the average age of patients admitted to American hospitals for epiglottitis was about 45, but patients under the age of 1 and over the age of 85 ...
[20] [21] Biennial epidemics starting in autumn are associated with both HPIV-1 and -2; however, HPIV-2 can also have yearly outbreaks. [14] Additionally, HPIV-1 tends to cause biennial outbreaks of croup in the fall. In the United States, large peaks have presently been occurring during odd-numbered years. [citation needed]
A museum of church history was planned as early as 1843 in Nauvoo, Illinois. The current Church History Museum in Salt Lake City, Utah was opened in April 1984. [10] [11] A major proponent of the creation of the church museum was Florence S. Jacobsen, a church curator and a former Young Women General President. The Museum underwent a major ...