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Intimate examinations include breast and pelvic examination on females and urogenital, prostate and rectal examination on males. Such roles are known by various names. One form of instruction is where a medical professional, a preceptor, teaches the medical student how to perform the examination using a simulated patient as the model. [6]
Virtual patients may take several different forms: [5] Case Presentation: a review of patient-related cases to reinforce and apply primary medical concepts to real-world situations. Interactive Patient Scenario: multimedia patient case designed to teach clinical reasoning skills such as diagnostic test ordering and interpretation.
The American Board of Emergency Medicine employs the use of medical simulation technology in order to accurately judge students by using "patient scenarios" during oral board examinations. [2] However, these forms of simulation are a far cry from high-fidelity models that have surfaced since the 1990s. [7]
The development of OSCE is credited to Ronald Harden. Since the publication of the first paper in the British Medical Journal in 1975, OSCE has been widely adopted in many medical schools and professional bodies. The format of OSCE is continuously evolving and may include real or simulated patients, clinical specimens, and other clinical materials.
Research carried out in medical scenarios analyzed 188 situations in which an interruption occurred between a physician and a patient. Of these 188 analyzed situations, research found that the doctor is much more likely (67% of the time, 126 occasions) as compared to the patient (33% of the time, 62 occasions). [ 43 ]
SBAR is an acronym for Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation; a technique that can be used to facilitate prompt and appropriate communication.This communication model has gained popularity in healthcare settings, especially amongst professions such as physicians and nurses.
Patient experience describes the range of interactions that patients have with the healthcare system, including care from health plans, doctors, nurses, and staff in hospitals, physician practices, and other healthcare facilities. [1] [2] Understanding patient experience is a key step in moving toward patient-centered care.
Computerized physician order entry (CPOE), sometimes referred to as computerized provider order entry or computerized provider order management (CPOM), is a process of electronic entry of medical practitioner instructions for the treatment of patients (particularly hospitalized patients) under his or her care.