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Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease involving the gradual deterioration and death of specific volumes of the brain. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The condition leads to symptoms including loss of balance , slowing of movement , difficulty moving the eyes , and cognitive impairment . [ 1 ]
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a type of tauopathy, but the cause is not yet discovered. For PSP unusual phosphorylation for tau protein causes vital protein filaments in the nerve cells to destruct, a phenomenon called "neurofibrillary" degeneration.
PSP has been all over the news—here's what to know about it.
Cerebral palsy, a neural disorder caused by intracranial lesions; Conjugate gaze palsy, a disorder affecting the ability to move the eyes; Erb's palsy, also known as brachial palsy, involving paralysis of an arm; Spinal muscular atrophy, also known as wasting palsy; Progressive supranuclear palsy, a degenerative disease
Lesions anywhere in the abducens nucleus, cranial nerve VI neurons, or interneurons can affect eye movement towards the side of the lesion. Lesions on both sides of the abducens nucleus can cause a total loss of horizontal eye movement. [6] One other type of gaze palsy is a horizontal saccadic palsy.
Additional features include bradykinesia, early-onset postural instability, increased rigidity in axial muscles, dysautonomia, alien limb syndrome, supranuclear gaze palsy, apraxia, involvement of the cerebellum including the pyramidal cells, and in some instances significant cognitive impairment. [2]
Pseudobulbar palsy is the result of damage of motor fibers traveling from the cerebral cortex to the lower brain stem. This damage might arise in the course of a variety of neurological conditions that involve demyelination and bilateral corticobulbar lesions. Examples include: [3] Progressive supranuclear palsy; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Symptoms may be symmetric or asymmetric, with one or more of the following: [citation needed] limb rigidity or akinesia; limb dystonia; limb myoclonus, plus one of: orobuccal or limb apraxia; cortical sensory deficit; alien limb phenomena (more than simple levitation)