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The relationship between the CU and the NAWSA became unclear and troubled over time. [96] At the NAWSA convention in 1913, Paul and her allies demanded that the organization focus its efforts on a federal suffrage amendment. The convention instead empowered the executive board to limit the CU's ability to contravene NAWSA policies.
The National Woman's Party (NWP) was an American women's political organization formed in 1916 to fight for women's suffrage. After achieving this goal with the 1920 adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , the NWP advocated for other issues including the Equal Rights Amendment .
The NAWSA developed into the nation's largest voluntary organization, with two million members. [67] After women's suffrage was achieved in 1920 by the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution , the NAWSA transformed itself into the League of Women Voters , which is still active.
By 1917, it had become the state branch of the National Woman's Party (NWP), a rival to the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) with which the CWSA was affiliated. Adopting the militant tactics of the NWP, fourteen Connecticut suffragists were arrested between 1917 and 1919 in Washington, D.C. for picketing the White House. [86]
Paul's methods were viewed as too militant for the NAWSA and as a result, Paul and her supporters – including Katzenstein – formed the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage, later renamed the National Women's Party (NWP). [6] One of the major differences in approach between the two major organizations was that the former (NAWSA and its ...
September 6–10: Annual NAWSA Convention is held in Atlantic City, New Jersey. [41] May 7–10: Mississippi Valley Suffrage Conference is held in Minneapolis. [35] [42] June: The Woman's Party Convention is held in Chicago, where the National Woman's Party (NWP) is formed. [43] 1917. Mississippi Valley Suffrage Conference is held. [35] 1918
By June 1920, after intense lobbying by both the NAWSA and the NWP, the amendment was ratified by 35 of the necessary 36 state legislatures. [53] Ratification would be determined by Tennessee . In the middle of July 1920, both opponents and supporters of the Anthony Amendment arrived in Nashville to lobby the General Assembly.
NAWSA leaders thought the tactics of the National Woman's Party were futile and would alienate Democrats that were sympathetic to suffrage. [50] Membership in the NWP was limited to only enfranchised women, and their sole goal was promoting a federal amendment for woman's suffrage. [51] Burns played a large role in the National Woman's Party.