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Toga candida: "Bright toga"; a toga rubbed with chalk to a dazzling white, worn by candidates (from Latin candida, "pure white") for public office. [11] Thus Persius speaks of a cretata ambitio, "chalked ambition". Toga candida is the etymological source of the word candidate. Toga pulla: a "dark toga" was supposed to be worn by mourners at ...
The toga was considered Rome's "national costume," privileged to Roman citizens but for day-to-day activities most Romans preferred more casual, practical and comfortable clothing; the tunic, in various forms, was the basic garment for all classes, both sexes and most occupations. It was usually made of linen, and was augmented as necessary ...
The toga candida, an especially whitened toga, was worn by political candidates. Prostitutes wore the toga muliebris, rather than the tunics worn by most women. The toga pulla was dark-colored and worn for mourning, while the toga purpurea, of purple-dyed wool, was worn in times of triumph and by the Roman emperor.
Philip Smith: Toga. In: William Smith (Hrsg.): A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. John Murray, London, 1875 (online copy at LacusCurtius) Liza Cleland, Glenys Davies, Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones: Greek and Roman dress from A to Z. Routledge 2007, ISBN 978-0-415-22661-5, p. 197 (online copy at Google Books)
In the early stages of the Byzantine Empire the traditional Roman toga was still used as very formal or official dress. By Justinian's time this had been replaced by the tunica , or long chiton , for both sexes, over which the upper classes wore other garments, like a dalmatica ( dalmatic ), a heavier and shorter type of tunica, again worn by ...
The toga virilis, (or toga pura) or man's toga was worn by men who had come of age to signify their citizenship in Rome. The toga picta was worn by triumphant generals and had embroidery of their skill on the battlefield. The toga pulla was worn in mourning. Even footwear indicated a person's social status.
It has long been believed that Roman women originally did not wear stolae and that they instead wore togas like the men. However, this goes back to a scholarly lore invented in Late Antiquity. [9] [10] For the most part, the toga was worn exclusively by men, and Roman wives (matronae) traditionally wore the stola.
Picture of an equestrian dressed in his rank toga and tunic, the angusticlavia. In ancient Rome, an angusticlavia, angusticlavus or angustus clavus was a narrow-strip tunic (tunica) with two narrow vertical Tyrian purple stripes (clavi, singular clavus). The tunic was typically worn under the toga with the right side stripe visible. [1]