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The Neo-Babylonian Empire under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II occupied the Kingdom of Judah between 597–586 BCE and destroyed the First Temple in Jerusalem. [3] According to the Hebrew Bible, the last king of Judah, Zedekiah, was forced to watch his sons put to death, then his own eyes were put out and he was exiled to Babylon (2 Kings 25).
The Flight of the Prisoners (1896) by James Tissot; the exile of the Jews from Canaan to Babylon Zerubbabel and Cyrus (1650s) by Jacob van Loo; the Jewish governor Zerubbabel shows the Persian king Cyrus the Great the plan for a rebuilt Jerusalem. The Babylonian captivity or Babylonian exile was the period in Jewish history during which a large ...
It is agreed that Jerusalem fell the second time in the summer month of Tammuz (as recorded in Jeremiah 52:6). However, scholars disagree as to whether this dates to 586 BC or 587 BC. William F. Albright dated the end of Zedekiah's reign and the fall of Jerusalem to 587 BC whereas Edwin R. Thiele offered 586 BC. [14]
The Babylonians besieged Jerusalem, and in March 597 BC the city surrendered. Jeconiah, his court and other prominent citizens and craftsmen, were deported to Babylon. [6] This event is considered to be the start of the Babylonian captivity and of the Jewish diaspora. Jeconiah's uncle, Zedekiah, was installed as vassal king of Judah.
Among the classical Jewish sources, besides the biblical account, Josephus mentions that Cyrus freed the Jews from captivity and helped rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem. He also wrote to the other rulers and governors of the region, instructing them to contribute to the project. A letter from Cyrus to the Jewish people is described by Josephus: [11]
King Jeroboam of Israel, prophecy of Ahijah c. 913 BC–c. 910 BC [citation needed] King Asa of Judah. prophecies of Elijah, Micaiah, and Elisha. c. 837 BC–c. 800 BC [citation needed] King Joash of Judah. prophecy of Jonah [1] during the time of Babylonian captivity, though dating of the book ranges from the 6th to the late 3rd century BC.
The cacophonous wail of the shofar was loud, mournful and lasted nearly two minutes as dozens of Jews blew on rams' horns Sunday to wake up others to the plight of the estimated 100 hostages still ...
The effect that the destruction of Jerusalem had on the Jewish diaspora has been a topic of considerable scholarly discussion. [77] David Aberbach has argued that much of the European Jewish diaspora, by which he means exile or voluntary migration, originated with the Jewish wars which occurred between 66 and 135 CE.