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  2. Temporary adjustments of theodolites - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporary_adjustments_of...

    The initial setting operation includes fixing the theodolite on a tripod, along with approximate levelling and centering over the station mark.For setting up the instrument, the tripod is placed over the station with its legs widely spread so that the centre of the tripod head lies above the station point and its head approximately level (by eye estimation).

  3. Stringed instrument tunings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stringed_instrument_tunings

    "Fiddle" describes a playing style more than a unique instrument; a fiddle is just a violin with a slightly different "set-up". Standard aka "Italian" or "orchestral" tuning, High Bass aka "Old-time D tuning", Cross tuning aka "High counter", Calico aka "Black Mountain Rag" or the Swedish tunings: Trollstämning, or Näckastämning

  4. Tonnetz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonnetz

    Euler's Tonnetz. The Tonnetz originally appeared in Leonhard Euler's 1739 Tentamen novae theoriae musicae ex certissismis harmoniae principiis dilucide expositae.Euler's Tonnetz, pictured at left, shows the triadic relationships of the perfect fifth and the major third: at the top of the image is the note F, and to the left underneath is C (a perfect fifth above F), and to the right is A (a ...

  5. Glass harmonica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_harmonica

    A glass harp, an ancestor of the glass armonica, being played in Rome.The rims of wine glasses filled with water are rubbed by the player's fingers to create the notes.. The name "glass harmonica" (also "glass armonica", "glassharmonica"; harmonica de verre, harmonica de Franklin, armonica de verre, or just harmonica in French; Glasharmonika in German; harmonica in Dutch) refers today to any ...

  6. The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Young_Person's_Guide_to...

    Each variation then features a particular instrument in-depth, generally moving through each family from the higher-pitched instruments to the lower-pitched (the order of the families is slightly different from the introduction). For example, the first variation features the piccolo and flutes; each member of the woodwind family then gets a ...

  7. Bladder fiddle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladder_fiddle

    The instrument was originally a simple large stringed fiddle (a musical bow) made with a long stick, one or more thick gut strings, and a pig's-bladder resonator. It was bowed with either a notched stick or a horsehair bow. [1] The folk instrument was historically played by "wandering musicians" and beggars up to the early 19th century.

  8. Invention (musical composition) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invention_(musical...

    first bars of J.S. Bach's 4th invention in D minor . In music, an invention is a short composition (usually for a keyboard instrument) in two-part counterpoint. (Compositions in the same style as an invention but using three-part counterpoint are known as sinfonias.

  9. Pump organ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pump_organ

    A hand-pumped Indian harmonium, of the type used in South Asia, here used at a European jazz festival.. The pump organ or reed organ is a type of organ using free-reeds that generates sound as air flows past the free-reeds, the vibrating pieces of thin metal in a frame.