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An arteriole is a small-diameter blood vessel in the microcirculation that extends and branches out from an artery and leads to capillaries. [1] Arterioles have muscular walls (usually only one to two layers of smooth muscle cells) and are the primary site of vascular resistance. The greatest change in blood pressure and velocity of blood flow ...
It ranges from a diameter of about 30–25 millimeters for the aorta [24] to only about 5 micrometers (0,005 mm) for the capillaries. [25] Vasoconstriction is the constriction of blood vessels (narrowing, becoming smaller in cross-sectional area) by contracting the vascular smooth muscle in the vessel walls.
The vessels on the arterial side of the microcirculation are called the arterioles, which are well innervated, are surrounded by smooth muscle cells, and are 10-50 μm in diameter. [2] Arterioles carry the blood to the capillaries , which are not innervated, have no smooth muscle, and are about 5-8 μm in diameter.
The major determinant of vascular resistance is small arteriolar (known as resistance arterioles) tone. These vessels are from 450 μm down to 100 μm in diameter (as a comparison, the diameter of a capillary is about 5 to 10 μm). Another determinant of vascular resistance is the pre-capillary arterioles. These arterioles are less than 100 μm ...
Resistance arteries are usually small arteries or arterioles and include precapillary sphincters. [1] Having thick muscular walls and narrow lumen they contribute the most to the resistance to blood flow. Degree of the contraction of vascular smooth muscle in the wall of a resistance artery is directly connected to the size of the lumen.
The efferent arterioles are blood vessels that are part of the urinary tract of organisms. Efferent (from Latin ex + ferre) means "outgoing", in this case meaning ...
Due to natural variation, individuals pass through the Tanner stages at different rates, depending in particular on the timing of puberty.Among researchers who study puberty, the Tanner scale is commonly considered the "gold standard" for assessing pubertal status when it is conducted by a trained medical examiner. [5]
Normal blood vessel (left) vs. vasodilation (right) Vasodilation, also known as vasorelaxation, is the widening of blood vessels. [1] It results from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, in particular in the large veins, large arteries, and smaller arterioles. [2]