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Micrograph showing apocrine metaplasia of the breast with typical features, [4] including apical snouts with eosinophilic granules. H&E stain. Apocrine metaplasia is a reversible transformation of cells to an apocrine phenotype. It is common in the breast in the context of fibrocystic change. It is seen in women mostly over the age of 50 years.
Micrograph showing apocrine metaplasia of the breast with typical features [3] H&E stain. Barrett's esophagus is an abnormal change in the cells of the lower esophagus, thought to be caused by damage from chronic stomach acid exposure. The following table lists some common tissues susceptible to metaplasia, and the stimuli that can cause the ...
Micrograph showing apocrine-type metaplasia of the breast with typical oncocytes. [2] H&E stain. Oncocytes (left of image), as seen in a renal oncocytoma. H&E stain. An oncocyte is an epithelial cell characterized by an excessive number of mitochondria, resulting in an abundant acidophilic, granular cytoplasm. Oncocytes can be benign or malignant.
The lesions must also show that tumor cells have broken through their ducts of origin to invade adjacent tissue in at least one area. Most of the tumor cells (termed type A cells [15]) typically appear somewhat more irregular than normal apocrine gland cells.
Micrograph showing apocrine metaplasia of the breast with typical features [5] H&E stain. The exact mechanism of the condition is not fully understood, though it is known to be tied to hormone level fluctuation; the condition usually subsides after menopause and is closely related to the menstrual cycle.
These classifications are spindle cell, squamous cells, matrix-producing, carcinosarcoma, and MBC with osteoclastic giant cell. Another research group, Oberman et al., proposed a classification system consisting of spindle cell carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma with extensive squamous metaplasia, and invasive ductal carcinoma with ...
Goblet cells are simple columnar epithelial cells that secrete gel-forming mucins, like mucin 2 in the lower gastrointestinal tract, and mucin 5AC in the respiratory tract. [1] The goblet cells mainly use the merocrine method of secretion, secreting vesicles into a duct, but may use apocrine methods, budding off their secretions, when under ...
Intestinal metaplasia is the transformation of epithelium (usually of the stomach or the esophagus) into a type of epithelium resembling that found in the intestine. In the esophagus, this is called Barrett's esophagus .
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