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Antiretroviral drugs are used to manage HIV/AIDS. Multiple antiretroviral drugs are often combined into a single pill in order to reduce pill burden. Some of these combinations are complete single-tablet regimens; the others must be combined with additional pills to make a treatment regimen.
SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1 have similarities—notably both are RNA viruses—but there are important differences. As a retrovirus, HIV-1 can insert a copy of its RNA genome into the host's DNA, making total eradication more difficult. [156] The virus is also highly mutable making it a challenge for the adaptive immune system to develop a response.
Some of the most well known are antiviral drugs widely used to treat HIV/AIDS, hepatitis C and COVID-19. These protease inhibitors prevent viral replication by selectively binding to viral proteases (e.g. HIV-1 protease) and blocking proteolytic cleavage of protein precursors that are necessary for the production of infectious viral particles.
Lamivudine, commonly called 3TC, is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. [1] It is also used to treat chronic hepatitis B when other options are not possible. [1] It is effective against both HIV-1 and HIV-2. [1] It is typically used in combination with other antiretrovirals such as zidovudine, dolutegravir, and ...
There has been some evidence that other regimens, like ones based on the antiretroviral agent Maraviroc, could potentially prevent HIV infection. [102] Similarly, researchers are investigating whether drugs could be used in ways other than a daily pill to prevent HIV, including PrEP-releasing implants or rectally administered PrEP.
As of 2019, it is listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the first-line treatment for adults with HIV/AIDS, with tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz as an alternative. [2] It may be used in people with both HIV and tuberculosis , however if the person is on rifampicin a larger dose of dolutegravir is needed.
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