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Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis, while encephalitis with involvement of the spinal cord is known as encephalomyelitis. [ 2 ] The word is from Ancient Greek ἐγκέφαλος , enképhalos 'brain', [ 37 ] composed of ἐν , en , 'in' and κεφαλή , kephalé , 'head', and the medical suffix -itis 'inflammation'.
Encephalitis lethargica is an atypical form of encephalitis.Also known as "sleeping sickness" or "sleepy sickness" (distinct from tsetse fly–transmitted sleeping sickness), it was first described in 1917 by neurologist Constantin von Economo [2] [3] and pathologist Jean-René Cruchet. [4]
Rasmussen syndrome or Rasmussen's encephalitis is a rare inflammatory neurological disease, characterized by frequent and severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech, hemiparesis (weakness on one side of the body), encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and dementia.
coma, death, long-term neurological damage: Usual onset: 3–10 days after exposure to virus: Duration: usually a few days: Causes: Eastern equine encephalitis virus and Madariaga virus: Risk factors: Age; disease is more severe in young children and the elderly: Diagnostic method: mainly ELISA of anti-EEEV antibodies and plaque reduction ...
Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a type of encephalitis, and one of the most common causes of noninfectious encephalitis. It can be triggered by tumors , infections , or it may be cryptogenic . The neurological manifestations can be either acute or subacute and usually develop within six weeks.
Acyclovir significant decreases morbidity and mortality of HSV encephalitis and limits the long-term behavioral and cognitive impairments that occur with illness. As such, and because HSV is the most common cause of viral encephalitis, acyclovir is often administered as soon as possible to all patients suspected of having viral encephalitis ...
The case-fatality rate of untreated encephalitis syndrome is 56–75%, [5] but early treatment of raised intracranial pressure reduces fatality rate. Of 27 children surviving encephalitis syndrome 24 completely recovered within 3 months, only two developed late onset refractory epilepsy and four continued to have hemiplegia after 8 months. [7]
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) or sometimes necrotizing encephalitis or infection-induced acute encephalopathy (IIAE) is a rare type of brain disease (encephalopathy) that occurs following a viral infection. [4] Most commonly, it develops secondary to infection with influenza A, influenza B, and the human herpes virus 6. ANE can be ...