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Christopher Cullen: The Suan shu shu Writings on reckoning, Needham Research Institute, pdf free download ; Cullen, Christopher (2007). "The Suàn shù shū, "Writings on reckoning": Rewriting the history of early Chinese mathematics in the light of an excavated manuscript". Historia Mathematica. 34: 10– 44. doi: 10.1016/j.hm.2005.11.006.
The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art is a Chinese mathematics book, composed by several generations of scholars from the 10th–2nd century BCE, its latest stage being from the 1st century CE. This book is one of the earliest surviving mathematical texts from China , the others being the Suan shu shu (202 BCE – 186 BCE) and Zhoubi ...
The first reference to a book being used in learning mathematics in China is dated to the second century CE (Hou Hanshu: 24, 862; 35,1207). We are told that Ma Xu, who is a youth c. 110 , and Zheng Xuan (127–200) both studied the Nine Chapters on Mathematical procedures .
Researchers have published a full English translation of the Sūnzĭ Suànjīng: Fleeting Footsteps; Tracing the Conception of Arithmetic and Algebra in Ancient China, by Lam Lay Yong and Ang Tian Se, Part Two, pp 149–182. World Scientific Publishing Company; June 2004 ISBN 981-238-696-3; The original Chinese text is available on Wikisource.
An abacus (pl. abaci or abacuses), also called a counting frame, is a hand-operated calculating tool which was used from ancient times in the ancient Near East, Europe, China, and Russia, until the adoption of the Hindu–Arabic numeral system. [1] An abacus consists of a two-dimensional array of slidable beads (or similar objects). In their ...
Internal evidences suggest that book was compiled sometime between 466 and 485 CE. "Zhang Qiujian suanjing has an important place in the world history of mathematics: it is one of those rare books before AD 500 that manifests the upward development of mathematics fundamentally due to the notations of the numeral system and the common fraction.
The Ten Computational Canons (traditional Chinese: 算經十書; simplified Chinese: 算经十书) was a collection of ten Chinese mathematical works dating from pre-Han dynasty to early Tang dynasty, compiled by the early Tang mathematician Li Chunfeng (602–670) in the 650s, as the official mathematical texts for imperial examinations in mathematics.
The Tsinghua Bamboo Slips, containing the world's earliest decimal multiplication table, dated 305 BC during the Warring States period. The Chinese multiplication table is the first requisite for using the Rod calculus for carrying out multiplication, division, the extraction of square roots, and the solving of equations based on place value decimal notation.