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The principles expressed in Dictatus Papae are mostly those expressed by the Gregorian Reform, which had been initiated by Gregory decades before he became pope. It does not mention key aspects of the reform movement such as the abolishing of the triple abuse of clerical marriage, lay investiture and simony. [ 2 ]
The Decretals of Gregory IX (Latin: Decretales Gregorii IX), also collectively called the Liber extra, are a source of medieval Catholic canon law. In 1230, Pope Gregory IX ordered his chaplain and confessor , Raymond of Penyafort , a Dominican , to form a new canonical collection destined to replace the Decretum Gratiani , which was the chief ...
The copies are dated to 11, 13 and 14 June. [1] Vox in Rama was one of a series of calls Gregory IX issued for crusades against heretics. Lucis eterne (29 October 1232) called for a crusade against the Stedinger. O altitudo divitiarum (10 June 1233) had the same object as Vox in Rama, but was sent to Konrad von Marburg alone.
Gregory IX distrusted the emperor, since Rainald, the imperial Governor of Spoleto, had invaded the Pontifical States during the emperor's absence. [1] In June 1229, Frederick II returned from the Holy Land, routed the papal army which Gregory IX had sent to invade Sicily, and made new overtures of peace to the pope.
Gregory VII's ban on lay investiture was a key element of the reform, ultimately contributing to the centralized papacy of the later Middle Ages. [7] The reform of the church, both within it, and in relation to the Holy Roman Emperor and the other lay rulers of Europe, was Gregory VII's life work. It was based on his conviction that the church ...
[11] The attitude that baptism should never be forced became one of the core tenets of the re-issues of the Sicut Iuadeis in the eleventh and twelfth century, following Gregory's ideas. [ 9 ] To avoid persecutions and massacres, Popes begun to re-issue the Constitutio pro Iudaeis in the Middle Ages and reference Gregory I.
Gregory subsequently put the cardinal bishop of Albano, Henry, in charge of preaching the crusade in France and Germany. [4] The pope reissued Audita tremendi with some modifications on 30 October and 3 November, whereas a fourth version of the text was sent out by Gregory's successor Clement III on 2 January 1188.
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