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  2. Optical isolator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_isolator

    Optical isolator for laser experiments. An optical isolator, or optical diode, is an optical component which allows the transmission of light in only one direction.It is typically used to prevent unwanted feedback into an optical oscillator, such as a laser cavity.

  3. Opto-isolator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opto-isolator

    Schematic diagram of an opto-isolator showing source of light (LED) on the left, dielectric barrier in the center, and sensor (phototransistor) on the right [note 1]. An opto-isolator (also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator) is an electronic component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. [1]

  4. Galvanic isolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic_isolation

    Everlight EL817 phototransistor opto-isolator in DIP-4 package Halo TG110-S050N2RL 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet pulse transformer in SO-16 package, with the underside shown on the right. Galvanic isolation is a principle of isolating functional sections of electrical systems to prevent current flow; no direct conduction path is permitted. [1] [2]

  5. Magneto-optic effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneto-optic_effect

    In general, magneto-optic effects break time reversal symmetry locally (i.e., when only the propagation of light, and not the source of the magnetic field, is considered) as well as Lorentz reciprocity, which is a necessary condition to construct devices such as optical isolators (through which light passes in one direction but not the other).

  6. Optical tweezers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_tweezers

    The main mechanism for sorting is the arrangement of the optical lattice points. As the cell flow through the optical lattice, there are forces due to the particles drag force that is competing directly with the optical gradient force (See Physics of optical tweezers) from the optical lattice point. By shifting the arrangement of the optical ...

  7. Acousto-optic modulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acousto-optic_modulator

    When the incident light beam is at Bragg angle, a diffraction pattern emerges where an order of diffracted beam occurs at each angle θ that satisfies: [3] ⁡ = Here, m = ..., −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, ... is the order of diffraction, λ is the wavelength of light in vacuum, and Λ is the wavelength of the sound. [4]

  8. Resistive opto-isolator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistive_opto-isolator

    Opto-isolator VTL2C1 with LED input and photoresistor output. Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator [notes 1] or lamp-coupled photocell, [1] is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically ...

  9. Optical circulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_circulator

    Optical Circulator symbol. An optical circulator is a three- or four-port optical device designed such that light entering any port exits from the next. This means that if light enters port 1 it is emitted from port 2, but if some of the emitted light is reflected back to the circulator, it does not come out of port 1 but instead exits from port 3.