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The beginnings of bioelectrochemistry, as well as those of electrochemistry, are closely related to physiology through the works of Luigi Galvani and then Alessandro Volta. The first modern work in this field is considered that of the German physiologist Julius Bernstein (1902) concerning the source of biopotentials due to different ion ...
Spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques that form the spectroelectrochemistry. Spectroelectrochemistry (SEC) is a set of multi-response analytical techniques in which complementary chemical information (electrochemical and spectroscopic) is obtained in a single experiment.
Enzyme kinetics: Why do some enzymes exhibit faster-than-diffusion kinetics? [13]Protein folding problem: Is it possible to predict the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of a polypeptide sequence based solely on the sequence and environmental information?
Silica and alumina coating can improve the chemical and thermal stability of nanoparticles. This fact has great importance in the in-situ study of catalytic reactions. The high sensitivity of the SHINERS surfaces makes these nanostructures a promising tool for the study of liquid-solid interfaces, especially in spectroelectrochemistry. [3] [12 ...
Example of a reduction–oxidation reaction between sodium and chlorine, with the OIL RIG mnemonic [1]. Electron transfer (ET) occurs when an electron relocates from an atom, ion, or molecule, to another such chemical entity.
A well-known electrosynthesis is the Kolbe electrolysis, in which two carboxylic acids decarboxylate, and the remaining structures bond together:; A variation is called the non-Kolbe reaction when a heteroatom (nitrogen or oxygen) is present at the α-position.
Electrophoresis is the basis for analytical techniques used in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate particles, molecules, or ions by size, charge, or binding affinity, either freely or through a supportive medium using a one-directional flow of electrical charge. [10] It is used extensively in DNA, RNA and protein analysis. [11]
The Poisson–Boltzmann equation describes a model proposed independently by Louis Georges Gouy and David Leonard Chapman in 1910 and 1913, respectively. [3] In the Gouy-Chapman model, a charged solid comes into contact with an ionic solution, creating a layer of surface charges and counter-ions or double layer. [4]