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Satellite photograph of a mesa in the Cydonia region of Mars, often called the "Face on Mars" and cited as evidence of extraterrestrial habitation. Pareidolia (/ ˌ p ær ɪ ˈ d oʊ l i ə, ˌ p ɛər-/; [1] also US: / ˌ p ɛər aɪ-/) [2] is the tendency for perception to impose a meaningful interpretation on a nebulous stimulus, usually visual, so that one detects an object, pattern, or ...
Breakdown of objects into geons. The recognition-by-components theory, or RBC theory, [1] is a process proposed by Irving Biederman in 1987 to explain object recognition. According to RBC theory, we are able to recognize objects by separating them into geons (the object's main component parts). Biederman suggested that geons are based on basic ...
The template method is not always successful because members of a group may significantly differ visually from each other, and may look much different if viewed from different angles. To counter the problem of viewpoint, the visual system detects familiar components of an object in 3-dimensional space.
Some objects, such as IC 167, [6] are simply ordinary spiral galaxies viewed from an unusual angle. Other objects, such as UGC 10770 , are interacting pairs of galaxies with tidal tails that look similar to spiral arms.
At an associative level, the meaning of an object is attached to the perceptual representation and the object is identified. [2] If a person is unable to recognize objects because they cannot perceive correct forms of the objects, although their knowledge of the objects is intact (i.e. they do not have anomia), they have apperceptive agnosia ...
The Platonic solids, seen here in an illustration from Johannes Kepler's Mysterium Cosmographicum (1596), are an early example of exceptional objects. The symmetries of three-dimensional space can be classified into two infinite families—the cyclic and dihedral symmetries of n-sided polygons—and five exceptional types of symmetry, namely the symmetry groups of the Platonic solids.
Many other familiar objects exhibit the same chiral symmetry of the human body, such as gloves, glasses (sometimes), and shoes. A similar notion of chirality is considered in knot theory, as explained below. Some chiral three-dimensional objects, such as the helix, can be assigned a right or left handedness, according to the right-hand rule.
For example, if two identical, familiar objects are placed at distances of five and ten meters, respectively, then the more distant object subtends approximately half the visual angle of the nearer object, but it is normally perceived to be the same size (a phenomenon referred to as size constancy), not as half the size. Conversely, if the more ...