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The purpose of surface casing is to isolate freshwater zones so that they are not contaminated during drilling and completion. Surface casing is the most strictly regulated due to these environmental concerns, which can include regulation of casing depth and cement quality. A typical size of surface casing is 13 + 3 ⁄ 8 inches (340 mm). [5]
Production casing is the final casing string set in a well and usually reaches from the surface to Target Depth (TD). The type of casing used depends upon the different conditions in the well. Commonly, production casing sizes range from 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (110 mm) to as large as 9 + 5 ⁄ 8 in (240 mm). It is the last string cemented in a well ...
Conductor Casing. In the offshore drilling industry, the conductor pipe is set in the seabed, and is a key structural foundation for the subsea wellhead. When drilling an offshore well, a marine riser is connected to the well, and this is subjected to large environmental forces such as current and waves which are transferred to the conductor ...
Casing is run to protect or isolate formations adjacent to the wellbore. It is generally not possible to drill a well through all of the formations from surface (or the seabed) to the target depth in one hole-size section. For example, fresh-water-bearing zones (usually found only near the surface) must be protected soon after being penetrated.
Modern wells generally have two to as many as five sets of subsequently smaller hole sizes, each cemented with casing. To drill the well Well casings. The rotating drill bit, aided by the weight of the drill string above it, cuts into the rock. There are different types of drill bits; some cause the rock to disintegrate by compressive failure ...
Sometimes, the process of running in and cementing the casing is also included. After a well has been drilled, should the drilling fluids be removed, the well would eventually close in upon itself. Casing ensures that this will not happen while also protecting the wellstream from outside incumbents, like water or sand. [1] Perforated shoe
CHK – choke (a restriction in a flowline or a system, usually referring to a production choke during a test or the choke in the well control system) CHKSR – checkshot survey report; CHKSS – checkshot survey log; CHOPS – cold heavy oil production with sand; CHP – casing hanger pressure (pressure in an annulus as measured at the casing ...
Provides a means of tubing suspension (Tubing is removable pipe installed in the well through which well fluids pass). Provides a means of pressure sealing and isolation between casing at surface when many casing strings are used. Provides pressure monitoring and pumping access to annuli between the different casing/tubing strings.