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Luminescence dating methods are not radiometric dating methods in that they do not rely on abundances of isotopes to calculate age. Instead, they are a consequence of background radiation on certain minerals. Over time, ionizing radiation is absorbed by mineral grains in sediments and archaeological materials such as quartz and potassium ...
The slope of the isochron, () or , represents the ratio of daughter to parent as used in standard radiometric dating and can be derived to calculate the age of the sample at time t. The y-intercept of the isochron line yields the initial radiogenic daughter ratio, D 0 D r e f {\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm {D_{0}} }{\mathrm {D} _{ref}}}} .
This usually requires what is commonly known as a "dating method". Several dating methods exist, depending on different criteria and techniques, and some very well known examples of disciplines using such techniques are, for example, history, archaeology, geology, paleontology, astronomy and even forensic science, since in the latter it is ...
Argon–argon (or 40 Ar/ 39 Ar) dating is a radiometric dating method invented to supersede potassium–argon (K/Ar) dating in accuracy. The older method required splitting samples into two for separate potassium and argon measurements, while the newer method requires only one rock fragment or mineral grain and uses a single measurement of argon isotopes.
This dating can be done in a number of ways. All dependable methods – barring the exceptions of thermoluminescence, radioluminescence [24] and ESR (electron spin resonance) dating – are based in radioactive decay, focusing on the degradation of the radioactive parent nuclide and the corresponding daughter product's growth. [23]
The BP scale is sometimes used for dates established by means other than radiocarbon dating, such as stratigraphy. [5] [6] This usage differs from the recommendation by van der Plicht & Hogg, [7] followed by the Quaternary Science Reviews, [8] [9] both of which requested that publications should use the unit "a" (for "annum", Latin for "year") and reserve the term "BP" for radiocarbon estimations.
[2] [3] [4] Two or more radiometric methods can be used in concert to achieve more robust results. [5] Most radiometric methods are suitable for geological time only, but some such as the radiocarbon method and the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating method can be extended into the time of early human life [6] and into recorded history. [7]
The process has been compared to radiocarbon dating. [2] [3] The age of the objects are determined by placing constraints on the duration of nucleosynthesis in the galaxy. [2] Nucleocosmochronology has been employed to determine the age of the Sun (4.57 ± 0.02 billion years) and of the Galactic thin disk (8.8 ± 1.8 billion years), [4] [5] [6 ...