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  2. Equal temperament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_temperament

    12 tone equal temperament chromatic scale on C, one full octave ascending, notated only with sharps. Play ascending and descending ⓘ. An equal temperament is a musical temperament or tuning system that approximates just intervals by dividing an octave (or other interval) into steps such that the ratio of the frequencies of any adjacent pair of notes is the same.

  3. 12 equal temperament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12_equal_temperament

    12-tone equal temperament chromatic scale on C, one full octave ascending, notated only with sharps. Play ascending and descending ⓘ. 12 equal temperament (12-ET) [a] is the musical system that divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equally tempered (equally spaced) on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the 12th root of 2 (≈ 1.05946).

  4. Pentatonic scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentatonic_scale

    The first two phrases of the melody from Stephen Foster's "Oh! Susanna" are based on the major pentatonic scale [1]. A pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave, in contrast to heptatonic scales, which have seven notes per octave (such as the major scale and minor scale).

  5. Meantone temperament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meantone_temperament

    In neither the twelve tone equitemperament nor the quarter-comma meantone is the fifth a rational fraction of the octave, but several tunings exist which approximate the fifth by such an interval; these are a subset of the equal temperaments ( "N TET" ), in which the octave is divided into some number (N) of equally wide intervals.

  6. Octave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave

    In music, an octave (Latin: octavus: eighth) or perfect octave (sometimes called the diapason) [2] is an interval between two notes, one having twice the frequency of vibration of the other. The octave relationship is a natural phenomenon that has been referred to as the "basic miracle of music", the use of which is "common in most musical ...

  7. Circle of fifths - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_of_fifths

    Twelve-tone equal temperament tuning divides each octave into twelve equivalent semitones, and the circle of fifths leads to a C seven octaves above the starting point. If the fifths are tuned with an exact frequency ratio of 3:2 (the system of tuning known as just intonation ), this is not the case (the circle does not "close").

  8. Stringed instrument tunings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stringed_instrument_tunings

    A 3 A 3 •B 3 B 3 •E 4 E 4 •A 4 A 4 •D 5 D 5 •G 5 G 5. Alternates: May also use various oud tunings Turkey Ajayu: 12 strings 5 courses. Standard/common: A A•E E•A A•C ♯ C ♯ C ♯ •F ♯ F ♯ F ♯ Alternate: C C•G G•C C•E E E•A A A; Chile A very recent instrument, invented in 2007 Akkordolia: 4 strings 4 courses. F ...

  9. Standard tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_tuning

    The most popular bowed strings used nowadays belong to the violin family; together with their respective standard tunings, they are: Violin – G 3 D 4 A 4 E 5 (ascending perfect fifths, starting from G below middle C) Viola – C 3 G 3 D 4 A 4 (a perfect fifth below a violin's standard tuning) Cello – C 2 G 2 D 3 A 3 (an octave lower than ...