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Garrison Dam is an earth-fill embankment dam on the Missouri River in central North Dakota, U.S. Constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers from 1947 to 1953, at over two miles (3.2 km) in length, the dam is the fifth-largest earthen dam in the world. [4]
The High Butte Effigy and Village Site is an ancient Native American ceremonial site near the Garrison Dam and Riverdale, North Dakota. [1] [3] The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. [1] It is located atop a butte and includes a "turf cut turtle effigy."
In the mid-1950s both of the former fort sites were submerged under Lake Sakakawea, created by extensive flooding of the bottomlands after the Garrison Dam was constructed on the Missouri River. The forts were named after Italian-born Bartholomew Berthold (1780–1831), [1] a prominent merchant and fur trader of St. Louis.
The creation of Garrison Dam between 1947–53 and Lake Sakakawea as water reservoir for irrigation, for flood control, and hydroelectric power generation in 1956, flooded of large areas of tribal lands that were devoted to farming and ranching, destroying much of the Three Affiliated Tribes’ economy.
Elbowoods was located in McLean County, North Dakota, and was the agency seat for the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation for the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation.It was located on the floodplains near the Missouri River, at an elevation of 1,740 feet (530 m). [1]
The largest dam removal project in U.S. history has freed the Klamath River, inspiring hope among Indigenous activists who pushed for rewilding to help save salmon.
The Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation (MHA Nation), also known as the Three Affiliated Tribes (Mandan: Miiti Naamni; Hidatsa: Awadi Aguraawi; Arikara: ačitaanu' táWIt), is a federally recognized Native American Nation resulting from the alliance of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara peoples, whose Indigenous lands ranged across the Missouri River basin extending from present day North Dakota ...
Map showing the Missouri River basin Garrison Dam, which forms Lake Sakakawea, the largest reservoir on the Missouri River. This is a list of dams in the watershed of the Missouri River, a tributary of the Mississippi River, in the United States.