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Blood alcohol content (BAC), also called blood alcohol concentration or blood alcohol level, is a measurement of alcohol intoxication used for legal or medical purposes. [1] BAC is expressed as mass of alcohol per volume of blood. In US and many international publications, BAC levels are written as a percentage such as 0.08%, i.e. there is 0.8 ...
The blood alcohol content (BAC) for legal operation of a vehicle is typically measured as a percentage of a unit volume of blood. This percentage ranges from 0.00% in Romania and the United Arab Emirates; to 0.05% in Australia, South Africa, Germany, Scotland, and New Zealand (0.00% for underage individuals); to 0.08% in England and Wales , the ...
Alcohol binds to several different subtypes of GABA A, but not to others. The main subtypes responsible for the subjective effects of alcohol are the α 1 β 3 γ 2, α 5 β 3 γ 2, α 4 β 3 δ and α 6 β 3 δ subtypes, although other subtypes such as α 2 β 3 γ 2 and α 3 β 3 γ 2 are also affected. Activation of these receptors causes ...
Alcohol-related brain damage [1] [2] alters both the structure and function of the brain as a result of the direct neurotoxic effects of alcohol intoxication or acute alcohol withdrawal. Increased alcohol intake is associated with damage to brain regions including the frontal lobe , [ 3 ] limbic system , and cerebellum , [ 4 ] with widespread ...
2 May 1999 (aged 61) Malta: Heart attack: Actor Derek Newark: 11 August 1998 (aged 65) London, England Heart attack, brought on by liver failure after years of alcoholism Actor Kevin Lloyd: 2 May 1998 (aged 49) Staffordshire, England Alcohol-related incident Actor Arkady Shevchenko: 28 February 1998 (aged 67)
The level of ethanol consumption that minimizes the risk of disease, injury, and death is subject to some controversy. [16] Several studies have found a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and health, [17] [18] [2] [19] meaning that risk is minimized at a certain (non-zero) consumption level, and drinking below or above this level increases risk, with the risk level of drinking a ...
Subsequent research showed that all extra collisions caused by alcohol were due to at least 0.06% BAC, 96% of them due to BAC above 0.08%, and 79% due to BAC above 0.12%. [19] One surprising aspect of the study was that, in the main analysis, a BAC of 0.01–0.04% was associated with a lower risk of collisions than a BAC of 0%, a feature ...
Risk factors known as of 2010 are: Quantity of alcohol taken: Consumption of 60–80 g per day (14 g is considered one standard drink in the US, e.g. 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 US fl oz or 44 mL hard liquor, 5 US fl oz or 150 mL wine, 12 US fl oz or 350 mL beer; drinking a six-pack of 5% ABV beer daily would be 84 g and just over the upper limit) for 20 years or more in men, or 20 g/day for women ...