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This is a list of plants from India that have been considered rare, threatened, endangered, or extinct by the IUCN or the Botanical Survey of India. Some of the regions mentioned may refer to old and outdated state or regional boundaries and may need to be interpreted with caution. [1]
There are estimated to be over 18,000 species of flowering plants in India, which constitute some 6-7 percent of the total plant species in the world. India is home to more than 50,000 species of plants, including a variety of endemics. The use of plants as a source of medicines has been an integral part of life in India from the earliest times.
This category contains articles related to the endemic flora of the region of India,as defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions – green on the map. It is a smaller geographical region than the political country and excludes the following areas:
India's climate has become progressively drier since the late Miocene, reducing forest cover in northern India in favour of grassland. [23] There are about 29,015 species of plants including 17,926 species of flowering plants. This is about 9.1% of the total plant species identified worldwide and 6,842 species are endemic to India.
This puts endemic plants and animals at greater risk than widespread species during the rapid climate change of this century. [38] [39] Some scientists claim that the presence of endemic species in an area is a good method to find geographical regions that can be considered priorities for conservation.
Of the 3,300 species of flowering plants in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in southern India, 132 are endemic. The reserve encompasses portions of the Western Ghats and Nilgiri Hills in the states of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. They are listed by plant family. Plants with an asterisk* are listed in The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ...
A decade long study by C.P. Kala from 1993 onward concludes that the Valley of Flowers is endowed with 520 species of higher plants (angiosperms, gymnosperms and pteridophytes), of these 498 are flowering plants. The park has many species of medicinal plants including Dactylorhiza hatagirea, Picrorhiza kurrooa, Aconitum violaceum, Polygonatum ...
Nepenthes khasiana (/ n ɪ ˈ p ɛ n θ iː z ˌ x æ s i ˈ ɑː n ə /; after the Khasi Hills, to which it is largely endemic) is an endangered tropical pitcher plant of the genus Nepenthes. It is the only Nepenthes species native to India. It is thought to attract prey by means of blue fluorescence. [4]