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Anderson shelters, designed in 1938 and built to hold up to six people, were in common use in the UK. Indoor shelters known as Morrison shelters were introduced as well. Air raid shelters are still in use to some extent in various nations such as Spain, Switzerland, Israel, Singapore and Taiwan.
The Anderson shelter was designed in 1938 by William Paterson and Oscar Carl (Karl) Kerrison in response to a request from the Home Office. It was named after Sir John Anderson , then Lord Privy Seal with special responsibility for preparing air-raid precautions immediately prior to the outbreak of World War II, and it was he who then initiated ...
c. 6) came into force, compelling all local authorities to begin creating their own ARP services. [3] Air raid shelters were distributed from 1938. [1] [3] With the threat of war imminent in 1939, the Home Office issued dozens of leaflets advising people on how to protect themselves from the inevitable air war to follow.
An Anderson shelter. Mary Anderson and Nellie Mackenzie had preceded Anderson to England and rented a house at 11 Chepstow Villas in Notting Hill for nine guineas a week (equivalent to £669 in 2023). Although this was a bargain, Anderson feared that his income would not be sufficient to keep up the rental payments.
An air raid shelter is a structure built to protect against bomber planes dropping bombs over a large area. These were commonly seen during World War II , such as the " Anderson shelters " of the United Kingdom.
25 February – the first Anderson shelter (a household air raid shelter) is built in London. [5] 27 February – Borley Rectory, a reputed haunted house in Essex, is destroyed by fire. [5] 31 March – Britain pledges support to Poland in the event of an invasion. [6] 4 April – the Royal Armoured Corps is formed.
The Civil Defence Service was disbanded on 2 May 1945. On 10 June 1945, before His Majesty King George VI, a farewell parade with representatives of all the Civil Defence Services from across Great Britain took place in Hyde Park, London. Many of the duties of the service were later revived as part of the Civil Defence Corps in 1949.
Under the name "Operation Pied Piper", the effort began on 1 September 1939 and officially relocated 1.5 million people. There were further waves of official evacuation and re-evacuation from the south and east coasts in June 1940, when a seaborne invasion was expected, and from affected cities after the Blitz began in September 1940.