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Zaire, [c] officially the Republic of Zaire, [d] was the name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1971 to 18 May 1997. Located in Central Africa , it was, by area, the third-largest country in Africa after Sudan and Algeria , and the 11th-largest country in the world from 1965 to 1997.
[27] [28] [29] The river was known as Zaire during the 16th and 17th centuries; Congo seems to have replaced Zaire gradually in English usage during the 18th century, and Congo is the preferred English name in 19th-century literature, although references to Zaire as the name used by the natives (i.e., derived from Portuguese usage) remained ...
Authenticité, [note 1] sometimes Zairisation or Zairianisation in English, was an official state ideology of the regime of Mobutu Sese Seko that originated in the late 1960s and early 1970s in what was first the Democratic Republic of Congo, later renamed Zaire.
Republic of Zaire (1971–1997) (2) Mobutu Sese Seko (1930–1997) [a] 1977 1984: 27 October 1971 [2] 16 May 1997 (Deposed in a civil war) [3] 25 years, 201 days MPR: Democratic Republic of the Congo (1997–present) 3: Laurent-Désiré Kabila (1939–2001) — 17 May 1997 16 January 2001 (Assassinated) 3 years, 244 days Independent
The earliest known human settlements in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo have been dated back to the Middle Stone Age, approximately 90,000 years ago.The first real states, such as the Kongo, the Lunda, the Luba and Kuba, appeared south of the equatorial forest on the savannah from the 14th century onwards.
The First Congo War, [c] also known as Africa's First World War, [29] was a civil and international military conflict that lasted from 24 October 1996 to 16 May 1997, primarily taking place in Zaire (which was renamed the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the conflict).
Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa za Banga [a] (/ m ə ˈ b uː t uː ˈ s ɛ s eɪ ˈ s ɛ k oʊ / ⓘ mə-BOO-too SESS-ay SEK-oh; born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu; 14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997), often shortened to Mobutu Sese Seko or Mobutu and also known by his initials MSS, was a Congolese politician and military officer who was the first and only president of Zaire from 1971 to 1997.
During the presidency of President Mobutu Sese Seko of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, later Republic of Zaire (1965–1997), social and political rights were strongly curtailed. As a consequence, several Congolese/Zairean citizens went into exile for political reasons.