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Below is the list of muon (anti)neutrino beams used in past or current physics experiments: CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso (CNGS) beam [10] produced by Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN used in OPERA and ICARUS experiments. Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) produced by the Booster synchrotron at Fermilab used in SciBooNE, MiniBooNE and MicroBooNE ...
The muon neutrino is an elementary particle which has the symbol ν μ and zero electric charge. Together with the muon it forms the second generation of leptons, hence the name muon neutrino. It was discovered in 1962 by Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger. The discovery was rewarded with the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics.
The dominant muon decay mode (sometimes called the Michel decay after Louis Michel) is the simplest possible: the muon decays to an electron, an electron antineutrino, and a muon neutrino. Antimuons, in mirror fashion, most often decay to the corresponding antiparticles: a positron, an electron neutrino, and a muon antineutrino. In formulaic ...
The neutrino [a] was postulated first by Wolfgang Pauli in 1930 to explain how beta decay could conserve energy, momentum, and angular momentum ().In contrast to Niels Bohr, who proposed a statistical version of the conservation laws to explain the observed continuous energy spectra in beta decay, Pauli hypothesized an undetected particle that he called a "neutron", using the same -on ending ...
In the 1980s, monitored neutrino beams were built in the USSR in the framework of the "tagged neutrino beam facility". [7] This facility did not reach a flux sufficient to feed neutrino experiments and was later descoped to a tagged kaon beam facility. Current neutrino beams record muons but they have not reached single-particle sensitivity.
The Fermilab narrow band neutrino beam was generated as follows: 400-GeV protons are hitting the target and causing the production of secondary beams consisting of pions and kaons. Then they are decaying in an evacuated decay tube of 235 meter length.
This beam then passed 732 kilometres (455 mi) through the crust of the Earth and it is expected that during flight some of the muon neutrinos convert into other neutrino types such as tau neutrinos. [1] Once the beam arrived at Gran Sasso, the OPERA and ICARUS experiments were used to detect the neutrinos.
"MI" stands for the Main Injector, a Fermilab accelerator that provides high-energy protons which are targeted to create the neutrino beam. "NER" comes from "Neutrino ExpeRiment." The conventional symbol for the neutrino is the Greek letter nu, which resembles a lowercase "v". Finally, "A" represents the mass number of the target material ...