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Among Unix critics, cat(1) is considered the canonical example of bad user-interface design, because of its woefully unobvious name. It is far more often used to blast a single file to standard output than to concatenate two or more files. The name cat for the former operation is just as unintuitive as, say, LISP's cdr. [citation needed]
A good example for command piping is combining echo with another command to achieve something interactive in a non-interactive shell, e.g. echo-e 'user\npass' | ftp localhost. This runs the ftp client with input user, press return, then pass. In casual use, the initial step of a pipeline is often cat or echo, reading from a
4 Line feed is used for "end of line" in text files on Unix / Linux systems. 5 Carriage Return (accompanied by line feed) is used as "end of line" character by Windows, DOS, and most minicomputers other than Unix- / Linux-based systems 6 Control-O has been the "discard output" key. Output is not sent to the terminal, but discarded, until ...
The original version of netcat was a Unix program. The last version (1.10) was released in March 1996. [4]There are several implementations on POSIX systems, including rewrites from scratch like GNU netcat [5] or OpenBSD netcat, [6] the latter of which supports IPv6 and TLS.
The authors contrast Unix tools such as cat with larger program suites used by other systems. [5] The design of cat is typical of most UNIX programs: it implements one simple but general function that can be used in many different applications (including many not envisioned by the original author). Other commands are used for other functions.
xargs (short for "extended arguments") [1] is a command on Unix and most Unix-like operating systems used to build and execute commands from standard input. It converts input from standard input into arguments to a command. Some commands such as grep and awk can take input either as command-line arguments or from the standard input.
The analogous Unix command is cat. ... and feature set between operating systems and command shell implementations can differ as can be seen in the following examples.
Pike opines in his design of unix paper: "Even the name cat is typical of UNIX program names: it is short, pronounceable, but not conventional English for the job it does." concatenate is the conventional name. catenate is a happy accident here. So more circumstantial evidence.