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Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a medical condition characterized by blood pooling in the veins, leading to increased pressure and strain on the vein walls. [1] The most common cause of CVI is superficial venous reflux, which often results in the formation of varicose veins, a treatable condition. [2]
Chest pain in children is the pain felt in the chest by infants, children and adolescents. In most cases the pain is not associated with the heart. It is primarily identified by the observance or report of pain by the infant, child or adolescent by reports of distress by parents or caregivers. Chest pain is not uncommon in children.
In infants, feeding difficulties and poor weight gain are also frequent symptoms. [6] In some cases of SMA syndrome, severe malnutrition accompanying spontaneous wasting may occur. [7] This, in turn, increases the duodenal compression, which worsens the underlying cause, creating a cycle of worsening symptoms. [8]
Acid reflux symptoms vary and may be surprising . Dr. David J. Levinthal, ... “You might think to look to the lungs for treatment, but the symptoms can have their source in the gut. Stomach acid ...
As such, it is essential to both find and treat underlying venous reflux before considering any treatment at all. Sclerotherapy is the "gold standard" and is preferred over laser for eliminating telangiectasiae and smaller varicose leg veins. [15] A sclerosant medication is injected into the diseased vein so it hardens and eventually shrinks away.
Sandifer syndrome (or Sandifer's syndrome) is an eponymous paediatric medical disorder, characterised by gastrointestinal symptoms and associated neurological features. [1] [2] [3] There is a significant correlation between the syndrome and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD); however, it is estimated to occur in less than 1% of children ...
[1] [22] Five ultrasound criteria of venous drainage have been proposed to be characteristic of the syndrome, although two are considered sufficient for diagnosis of CCSVI: [1] [22] [35] reflux in the internal jugular and vertebral veins, reflux in the deep cerebral veins, high-resolution B-mode ultrasound evidence of stenosis of the internal ...
Persistent infant crying has been associated with severe marital discord, postpartum depression, early termination of breastfeeding, frequent visits to doctors, a quadrupling of laboratory tests, and prescription of medication for acid reflux. [citation needed] Babies with colic may be exposed to abuse, especially shaken baby syndrome. [9]