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Gravity anomaly, difference between the observed gravity and a value predicted from a model Bouguer anomaly, anomaly in gravimetry; Free-air anomaly, gravity anomaly that has been computed for latitude and corrected for elevation of the station; Iridium anomaly, an unusual abundance of what is normally a very rare element in the Earth's crust
In astronomy, an anomaly of an elliptical orbit, generally measured with respect to an apsis, usually the periapsis Anomalous precession , another term for "apsidal precession" Eccentric anomaly , an intermediate value used to compute the position of a celestial object as a function of time
Anomalies represent challenges to be puzzled out and solved within the prevailing paradigm. Only if an anomaly or series of anomalies resists successful deciphering long enough and for enough members of the scientific community will the paradigm itself gradually come under challenge during what Kuhn deems a crisis of normal science. [12]
The gravity anomaly at a location on the Earth's surface is the difference between the observed value of gravity and the value predicted by a theoretical model. If the Earth were an ideal oblate spheroid of uniform density, then the gravity measured at every point on its surface would be given precisely by a simple algebraic expression.
In quantum physics an anomaly or quantum anomaly is the failure of a symmetry of a theory's classical action to be a symmetry of any regularization of the full quantum theory. [1] [2] In classical physics, a classical anomaly is the failure of a symmetry to be restored in the limit in which the symmetry-breaking parameter goes to zero.
In physics, quantum mechanics, and quantum field theory, an anomaly is a breaking of a symmetry which exists at the classical level. Anomalous global symmetries are often consistent, but anomalous gauge symmetries are usually inconsistent.
Anomaly detection finds application in many domains including cybersecurity, medicine, machine vision, statistics, neuroscience, law enforcement and financial fraud to name only a few. Anomalies were initially searched for clear rejection or omission from the data to aid statistical analysis, for example to compute the mean or standard deviation.
where M 0 is the mean anomaly at the epoch t 0, which may or may not coincide with τ, the time of pericenter passage. The classical method of finding the position of an object in an elliptical orbit from a set of orbital elements is to calculate the mean anomaly by this equation, and then to solve Kepler's equation for the eccentric anomaly.