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A manuscript culture is a culture that depends on hand-written manuscripts to store and disseminate information. It is a stage that most developed cultures went through in between oral culture and print culture. Europe entered the stage in classical antiquity. In early medieval manuscript culture, monks
The term is in use particularly among scholars of South Asian cultural history because many South Asian manuscripts are not codices in the strict sense of the word. That is to say, South Asian manuscripts are typically written on unbound sheets of paper or palm leaves, in a landscape format.
The word "manuscript" derives from the Latin: manūscriptum (from manus, hand and scriptum from scribere, to write), and is first recorded in English in 1597. [3] [4] An earlier term in English that shares the meaning of a handwritten document is "hand-writ" (or "handwrit"), which is first attested around 1175 and is now rarely used. [5]
The method was used early on in Hebrew codicology, as Hebrew manuscripts are considered intercultural via reflecting the manuscript culture of the dominant culture in which Jewish communities lived. In the 21st century, along with quantitative codicology, it is the most widespread methodology. [3]: 11–13
Manuscripts first took the form of rolls made from cloth or sheets of paper, [36] but when manuscripts began to appear as bound books, they coexisted with handscrolls (makimono). The influence of Chinese culture, especially written culture, made writing "immensely important" in the early Japanese court .
The Manuscript culture outside of the monastery developed in these university-cities in Europe at this time. It is around the first universities that new structures of production developed: reference manuscripts were used by students and professors for teaching theology and liberal arts.
The Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a Greek manuscript of the Bible from the 5th century, is a palimpsest.. In textual studies, a palimpsest (/ ˈ p æ l ɪ m p s ɛ s t /) is a manuscript page, either from a scroll or a book, from which the text has been scraped or washed off in preparation for reuse [1] in the form of another document. [2]
Manuscript-writing was a laborious process in an ill-lit environment that could damage one's health. One prior complained in the tenth century: " Only try to do it yourself and you will learn how arduous is the writer's task.